在Windows中以编程方式更改打印机首选项

Question

我已经编写了一个脚本，为一个新用户安装了几个打印机。

我希望更改其中一些的设置，以便它们可以在页面的两面打印。

我认为这需要使用printui修改属性，但可能需要VB脚本或其他.NET语言（我要使用VB、C#或IronPython）。

我可以向指定的打印机添加注释，但如何选择首选项并修改它们呢？

伪代码应该是这样的： printui.exe /n 打印机名称 /??? [如何更改所需质量]

或调用相关的Windows API。

- Steven Matthews

Answer 1

你可以使用printui来实现此功能，将打印机设置为双面打印，然后使用printui /Ss将设置保存到文件中。浏览各种选项，例如2、7、d等，看哪个文件保存了双面设置。

另一种方法是使用打印机API，并使用PRINTER_INFO_8（全局）或PRINTER_INFO_9（用户）结构体 - {{link1：MSDN链接}}。然后使用DEVMODE结构设置dmDuplex为双面。

首先打开打印机，完成后关闭它。

[DllImport("winspool.drv", EntryPoint = "OpenPrinter", SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool OpenPrinter(string pPrinterName, ref IntPtr phPrinter, PRINTER_DEFAULTS pDefault);
[DllImport("winspool.drv", EntryPoint = "ClosePrinter", SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern int ClosePrinter(IntPtr hPrinter);

使用 GetPrinter 获取当前打印机设置，使用 SetPrinter 将修改后的设置放回去：

[DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, EntryPoint = "GetPrinter", SetLastError = true)]
        internal static extern bool GetPrinter(IntPtr hPrinter, uint Level, IntPtr pPrinter, uint cbBuf, out uint pcbNeeded);
[DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, EntryPoint = "SetPrinter", SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool SetPrinter(IntPtr hPrinter, uint Level, IntPtr pPrinter, uint Command);

实际执行此操作的代码应该如下所示：

var oldPrinter = printerFunctions.OpenPrinterHandle(String.Format(@"{0}\{1}", oldServerName, oldPrinterName));
var printerInfo8 = printerFunctions.GetPrinterInfo<PRINTER_INFO_8>(oldPrinter, 8);

// Change the dmDuplex value here.

printerFunctions.SetPrinter(oldPrinter, printerInfo8, 8);
printerFunctions.ClosePrinterHandle(oldPrinter);

public IntPtr OpenPrinterHandle(string printerName)
{
    var def = new PRINTER_DEFAULTS { pDatatype = null, pDevMode = IntPtr.Zero, DesiredAccess = OpenPrinterAccessCodes.PRINTER_ALL_ACCESS };
    var hPrinter = IntPtr.Zero;
    if (!PrinterNativeMethods.OpenPrinter(printerName, ref hPrinter, def))
    {
        var lastWin32Error = new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
        Logger.Log("Failed open Printer: " + lastWin32Error.Message);
        throw lastWin32Error;
    }
    return hPrinter;
}

public void ClosePrinterHandle(IntPtr hPrinter)
{
    PrinterNativeMethods.ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
}

public void SetPrinter<T>(IntPtr hPrinter, T printerInfo, uint level)
{
    var size = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(printerInfo);
    var printerInfoPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)size);
    Marshal.StructureToPtr(printerInfo, printerInfoPtr, true);
    var result = PrinterNativeMethods.SetPrinter(hPrinter, level, printerInfoPtr, 0);
    if (!result)
    {
        var win32Error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
        var lastWin32Error = new Win32Exception(win32Error);
        Logger.Log("Failed set printer: " + lastWin32Error.Message);
        throw lastWin32Error;
    }
    Marshal.FreeHGlobal(printerInfoPtr);
}

public T GetPrinterInfo<T>(IntPtr hPrinter, uint level)
{
    uint pcbNeeded;
    var bFlag = PrinterNativeMethods.GetPrinter(hPrinter, level, IntPtr.Zero, 0, out pcbNeeded);
    var win32Error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
    if ((!bFlag) && (win32Error != PrinterNativeMethods.ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) || (pcbNeeded == 0))
    {
        var lastWin32Error = new Win32Exception(win32Error);
        Logger.Log("Failed get printer: " + lastWin32Error.Message);
        throw lastWin32Error;
    }

    var currentPrinterInfoPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)pcbNeeded);
    bFlag = PrinterNativeMethods.GetPrinter(hPrinter, level, currentPrinterInfoPtr, pcbNeeded, out pcbNeeded);
    if (!bFlag)
    {
        var lastWin32Error = new Win32Exception();
        Logger.Log("Failed get printer: " + lastWin32Error.Message);
        throw lastWin32Error;
    }
    return (T)Marshal.PtrToStructure(currentPrinterInfoPtr, typeof(T));
}

- lesur