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从Delphi编程中以编程方式检查数字签名

windowsdelphiwinapidigital-signaturedigital-certificate
30

我需要在Delphi中编写一个函数，以验证外部EXE或DLL的数字签名。 在我的特定应用程序中，我偶尔会调用其他进程，但出于安全考虑，我希望在运行它们之前确保这些可执行文件是由我们组织创建的。

我看过微软的C语言示例，但如果其他人已经有现成的代码，我就不想浪费时间将其翻译为Delphi。

我更喜欢代码片段或示例代码，而不是第三方库。谢谢。

2
你不会浪费任何时间。那段代码设置了一个记录的字段并调用了一个API函数。其他所有内容都只是注释，解释每个可能的返回值的含义。简而言之，检查数字签名的方法就是简单地调用WinVerifyTrust。 - Rob Kennedy
在该示例中使用了一些未在Windows.pas中定义的结构和常量。 - kes
2
无论这个任务是多么琐碎，每当Delphi开发人员想要做这件事时，他们都需要花时间进行研究和翻译。不确定为什么会被投票否决。 - kes
2
许多Windows API调用和结构体已经由Jedi团队翻译。这是我需要翻译API调用时查找的第二个地方（在快速谷歌之后）。我仍然使用Delphi 7，因此Windows.pas中缺少很多内容。 JEDI API库 - The_Fox
2个回答
35

这里是您需要的翻译：

// IsCodeSigned, which verifies that the exe hasn't been modified, uses
// WinVerifyTrust, so it's NT only.  IsCompanySigningCertificate works on Win9x, 
// but it only checks that the signing certificate hasn't been replaced, which
// keeps someone from re-signing a modified executable.

// Imagehlp.dll
const
  CERT_SECTION_TYPE_ANY = $FF;      // Any Certificate type

function ImageEnumerateCertificates(FileHandle: THandle; TypeFilter: WORD;
  out CertificateCount: DWORD; Indicies: PDWORD; IndexCount: Integer): BOOL; stdcall; external 'Imagehlp.dll';
function ImageGetCertificateHeader(FileHandle: THandle; CertificateIndex: Integer;
  var CertificateHeader: TWinCertificate): BOOL; stdcall; external 'Imagehlp.dll';
function ImageGetCertificateData(FileHandle: THandle; CertificateIndex: Integer;
  Certificate: PWinCertificate; var RequiredLength: DWORD): BOOL; stdcall; external 'Imagehlp.dll';

// Crypt32.dll
const
  CERT_NAME_SIMPLE_DISPLAY_TYPE = 4;
  PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING = $00010000;
  X509_ASN_ENCODING = $00000001;

type
  PCCERT_CONTEXT = type Pointer;
  HCRYPTPROV_LEGACY = type Pointer;
  PFN_CRYPT_GET_SIGNER_CERTIFICATE = type Pointer;

  CRYPT_VERIFY_MESSAGE_PARA = record
    cbSize: DWORD;
    dwMsgAndCertEncodingType: DWORD;
    hCryptProv: HCRYPTPROV_LEGACY;
    pfnGetSignerCertificate: PFN_CRYPT_GET_SIGNER_CERTIFICATE;
    pvGetArg: Pointer;
  end;

function CryptVerifyMessageSignature(const pVerifyPara: CRYPT_VERIFY_MESSAGE_PARA;
  dwSignerIndex: DWORD; pbSignedBlob: PByte; cbSignedBlob: DWORD; pbDecoded: PBYTE;
  pcbDecoded: PDWORD; ppSignerCert: PCCERT_CONTEXT): BOOL; stdcall; external 'Crypt32.dll';
function CertGetNameStringA(pCertContext: PCCERT_CONTEXT; dwType: DWORD; dwFlags: DWORD; pvTypePara: Pointer;
  pszNameString: PAnsiChar; cchNameString: DWORD): DWORD; stdcall; external 'Crypt32.dll';
function CertFreeCertificateContext(pCertContext: PCCERT_CONTEXT): BOOL; stdcall; external 'Crypt32.dll';
function CertCreateCertificateContext(dwCertEncodingType: DWORD;
  pbCertEncoded: PBYTE; cbCertEncoded: DWORD): PCCERT_CONTEXT; stdcall; external 'Crypt32.dll';

// WinTrust.dll
const
  WINTRUST_ACTION_GENERIC_VERIFY_V2: TGUID = '{00AAC56B-CD44-11d0-8CC2-00C04FC295EE}';
  WTD_CHOICE_FILE = 1;
  WTD_REVOKE_NONE = 0;
  WTD_UI_NONE = 2;

type
  PWinTrustFileInfo = ^TWinTrustFileInfo;
  TWinTrustFileInfo = record
    cbStruct: DWORD;                    // = sizeof(WINTRUST_FILE_INFO)
    pcwszFilePath: PWideChar;           // required, file name to be verified
    hFile: THandle;                     // optional, open handle to pcwszFilePath
    pgKnownSubject: PGUID;              // optional: fill if the subject type is known
  end;

  PWinTrustData = ^TWinTrustData;
  TWinTrustData = record
    cbStruct: DWORD;
    pPolicyCallbackData: Pointer;
    pSIPClientData: Pointer;
    dwUIChoice: DWORD;
    fdwRevocationChecks: DWORD;
    dwUnionChoice: DWORD;
    pFile: PWinTrustFileInfo;
    dwStateAction: DWORD;
    hWVTStateData: THandle;
    pwszURLReference: PWideChar;
    dwProvFlags: DWORD;
    dwUIContext: DWORD;
  end;

function WinVerifyTrust(hwnd: HWND; const ActionID: TGUID; ActionData: Pointer): Longint; stdcall; external wintrust;

{-----------------------------------------------}

function IsCodeSigned(const Filename: string): Boolean;
var 
  file_info: TWinTrustFileInfo;
  trust_data: TWinTrustData;
begin
  // Verify that the exe is signed and the checksum matches
  FillChar(file_info, SizeOf(file_info), 0);
  file_info.cbStruct := sizeof(file_info);
  file_info.pcwszFilePath := PWideChar(WideString(Filename));
  FillChar(trust_data, SizeOf(trust_data), 0);
  trust_data.cbStruct := sizeof(trust_data);
  trust_data.dwUIChoice := WTD_UI_NONE;
  trust_data.fdwRevocationChecks := WTD_REVOKE_NONE;
  trust_data.dwUnionChoice := WTD_CHOICE_FILE;
  trust_data.pFile := @file_info;
  Result := WinVerifyTrust(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, WINTRUST_ACTION_GENERIC_VERIFY_V2,
    @trust_data) = ERROR_SUCCESS
end;

{-----------------------------------------------}

function IsCompanySigningCertificate(const Filename, CompanyName :string): Boolean;
var
  hExe: HMODULE;
  Cert: PWinCertificate;
  CertContext: PCCERT_CONTEXT;
  CertCount: DWORD;
  CertName: AnsiString;
  CertNameLen: DWORD;
  VerifyParams: CRYPT_VERIFY_MESSAGE_PARA;
begin
  // Returns TRUE if the SubjectName on the certificate used to sign the exe is
  // "Company Name".  Should prevent a cracker from modifying the file and
  // re-signing it with their own certificate.
  //
  // Microsoft has an example that does this using CryptQueryObject and
  // CertFindCertificateInStore instead of CryptVerifyMessageSignature, but
  // CryptQueryObject is NT-only.  Using CertCreateCertificateContext doesn't work
  // either, though I don't know why.
  Result := False;
  // Verify that the exe was signed by our private key
  hExe := CreateFile(PChar(Filename), GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ,
    nil, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL or FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS, 0);
  if hExe = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE then
    Exit;
  try
    // There should only be one certificate associated with the exe
    if (not ImageEnumerateCertificates(hExe, CERT_SECTION_TYPE_ANY, CertCount, nil, 0)) or
       (CertCount <> 1) then
      Exit;
    // Read the certificate header so we can get the size needed for the full cert
    GetMem(Cert, SizeOf(TWinCertificate) + 3); // ImageGetCertificateHeader writes an DWORD at bCertificate for some reason
    try
      Cert.dwLength := 0;
      Cert.wRevision := WIN_CERT_REVISION_1_0;
      if not ImageGetCertificateHeader(hExe, 0, Cert^) then
        Exit;
      // Read the full certificate
      ReallocMem(Cert, SizeOf(TWinCertificate) + Cert.dwLength);
      if not ImageGetCertificateData(hExe, 0, Cert, Cert.dwLength) then
        Exit;
      // Get the certificate context.  CryptVerifyMessageSignature has the
      // side effect of creating a context for the signing certificate.
      FillChar(VerifyParams, SizeOf(VerifyParams), 0);
      VerifyParams.cbSize := SizeOf(VerifyParams);
      VerifyParams.dwMsgAndCertEncodingType := X509_ASN_ENCODING or PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING;
      if not CryptVerifyMessageSignature(VerifyParams, 0, @Cert.bCertificate,
         Cert.dwLength, nil, nil, @CertContext) then
        Exit;
      try
        // Extract and compare the certificate's subject names.  Don't
        // compare the entire certificate or the public key as those will
        // change when the certificate is renewed.
        CertNameLen := CertGetNameStringA(CertContext,
          CERT_NAME_SIMPLE_DISPLAY_TYPE, 0, nil, nil, 0);
        SetLength(CertName, CertNameLen - 1);
        CertGetNameStringA(CertContext, CERT_NAME_SIMPLE_DISPLAY_TYPE, 0,
          nil, PAnsiChar(CertName), CertNameLen);
        if CertName <> CompanyName then 
          Exit;
      finally
        CertFreeCertificateContext(CertContext)
      end;
    finally
      FreeMem(Cert);
    end;
  finally
    CloseHandle(hExe);
  end;
  Result := True;
end;
谢谢，但这似乎是在当前可执行文件上操作，而不是在由文件名指定的外部exe上操作。抱歉，我可能应该更清楚一些。修改这个片段以使其以这种方式运行会需要很多工作吗？ - kes
1
只需将ParamStr（0）（出现两次）替换为您要检查的文件的名称即可。 - gabr
2
@scrapdog：如果在NT上运行，请确保同时调用这两个函数。IsCompanySigningCertificate适用于9x和NT，但仅验证exe上是否有您的证书。IsCodeSigned实际上验证文件是否未被篡改。我更新了IsCodeSigned函数来接受文件名作为参数。 - Zoë Peterson
你好，你有没有Delphi数字签名文档的解决方案？我已经有一个DSC，在Adobe Acrobat中使用它。https://stackoverflow.com/q/72920389/10975845 - S. B.
3
const
  WTD_UI_ALL    = 1;
  WTD_UI_NONE   = 2;
  WTD_UI_NOBAD  = 3;
  WTD_UI_NOGOOD = 4;

  WTD_REVOKE_NONE       = $00000000;
  WTD_REVOKE_WHOLECHAIN = $00000001;

  WTD_CHOICE_FILE    = 1;
  WTD_CHOICE_CATALOG = 2;
  WTD_CHOICE_BLOB    = 3;
  WTD_CHOICE_SIGNER  = 4;
  WTD_CHOICE_CERT    = 5;

  WTD_STATEACTION_IGNORE           = $00000000;
  WTD_STATEACTION_VERIFY           = $00000001;
  WTD_STATEACTION_CLOSE            = $00000002;
  WTD_STATEACTION_AUTO_CACHE       = $00000003;
  WTD_STATEACTION_AUTO_CACHE_FLUSH = $00000004;

type
  PWinTrustFileInfo = ^TWinTrustFileInfo;
  TWinTrustFileInfo = record
    cbStruct: DWORD;
    pcwszFilePath: PWideChar;
    hFile: THandle;
    pgKnownSubject: PGUID;
  end;

  PWinTrustData = ^TWinTrustData;
  TWinTrustData = record
    cbStruct: DWORD;
    pPolicyCallbackData: Pointer;
    pSIPClientData: Pointer;
    dwUIChoice: DWORD;
    fdwRevocationChecks: DWORD;
    dwUnionChoice: DWORD;
    pUnionData: Pointer;
    dwStateAction: DWORD;
    hWVTStateData: THandle;
    pwszURLReference: PWideChar;
    dwProvFlags: DWORD;
    dwUIContext: DWORD;
  end;

function VerifySignature(const FileName: WideString): Longint;
var
  FileInfo: TWinTrustFileInfo;
  TrustData: TWinTrustData;
begin
  FillChar(FileInfo, SizeOf(FileInfo), 0);
  FileInfo.cbStruct := SizeOf(FileInfo);
  FileInfo.pcwszFilePath := PWideChar(FileName);

  FillChar(TrustData, SizeOf(TrustData), 0);
  TrustData.cbStruct := SizeOf(TrustData);
  TrustData.dwUIChoice := WTD_UI_NONE;
  TrustData.fdwRevocationChecks := WTD_REVOKE_NONE;
  TrustData.dwUnionChoice := WTD_CHOICE_FILE;
  TrustData.pUnionData := @FileInfo;
  TrustData.dwStateAction := WTD_STATEACTION_IGNORE;
  TrustData.dwProvFlags := WTD_SAFER_FLAG;
  TrustData.dwUIContext := WTD_UICONTEXT_EXECUTE;

  Result := WinVerifyTrust(0, WINTRUST_ACTION_GENERIC_VERIFY_V2, @TrustData);
end;

在文档中有更多详细信息。

或者，您可以使用CAPICOM。从capicom.dll导入CAPICOM类型库，然后使用生成的CAPICOM_TLB单元：

procedure CodeSignVerify(const FileName: string; AllowUserPrompt: Boolean = False);
var
  SignedCode: ISignedCode;
begin
  SignedCode := CoSignedCode.Create;
  SignedCode.FileName := FileName;
  SignedCode.Verify(AllowUserPrompt);
end;
"WTD_SAFER_FLAG"已被标记为“不支持”。 - Jasper Schellingerhout
有没有更简单的方式只是检查文件是否已签名？我不需要签名详细信息，只需知道它是否已签名。 - delphirules
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