尝试将数据打包到一个数据包中。该数据包应为64位。我有以下代码:
typedef union {
uint64_t raw;
struct {
unsigned int magic : 8;
unsigned int parity : 1;
unsigned int stype : 8;
unsigned int sid : 8;
unsigned int mlength : 31;
unsigned int message : 8;
} spacket;
} packet_t;
但是似乎没有保证对齐。因为当我运行这个命令时:
#include <strings.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
const char *number_to_binary(uint64_t x)
{
static char b[65];
b[64] = '\0';
uint64_t z;
int w = 0;
for (z = 1; w < 64; z <<= 1, ++w)
{
b[w] = ((x & z) == z) ? '1' : '0';
}
return b;
}
int main(void)
{
packet_t ipacket;
bzero(&ipacket, sizeof(packet_t));
ipacket.spacket.magic = 255;
printf("%s\n", number_to_binary(ipacket.raw));
ipacket.spacket.parity = 1;
printf("%s\n", number_to_binary(ipacket.raw));
ipacket.spacket.stype = 255;
printf("%s\n", number_to_binary(ipacket.raw));
ipacket.spacket.sid = 255;
printf("%s\n", number_to_binary(ipacket.raw));
ipacket.spacket.mlength = 2147483647;
printf("%s\n", number_to_binary(ipacket.raw));
ipacket.spacket.message = 255;
printf("%s\n", number_to_binary(ipacket.raw));
}
我得到的结果(大端):
1111111100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
1111111110000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
1111111111111111100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
1111111111111111111111111000000000000000000000000000000000000000
1111111111111111111111111000000011111111111111111111111111111110
1111111111111111111111111000000011111111111111111111111111111110
我的`.mlength`字段不知怎么跑到右边去了,它应该紧挨着`.sid`字段。 这个页面证实了这一点:保存位域的分配单元的对齐方式未指定。 但如果是这种情况,人们如何在位域中打包数据呢,这毕竟是它们存在的目的?
在`.message`字段被清空之前,24位似乎是`.mlength`字段能够承载的最大大小。