使用Django发送带附件的电子邮件

Question

我在数据库中有文件的URL。我想将该文件作为附件发送到电子邮件中。我尝试了以下代码：

def mail_business_plan(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created:
        ctx = {"ctx":instance}

        from_email = 'info@some_email.in'

        subject = 'Business Plan by' + instance.company_name
        message = get_template('email/business_team.html').render(ctx)
        to = ['[e-mail]']
        mail = EmailMessage(subject, message, to=to, from_email=from_email)
        mail.attach_file(instance.presentation, instance.presentation.read(), instance.presentation.content_type)
        return mail.send()

我遇到了一个错误，提示为"AttributeError: 'FieldFile'对象没有'content_type'属性"

如果文件路径存储在数据库中，最佳的发送带有附件的邮件方式是什么？

- daemon

---

什么是实例模型？确切地说是演示领域？ - mastisa

Answer 1

假设你有一个模型，如下所示：

class MyModel(models.Model):
    # other fields
    presentation = models.FileField(upload_to='some/place/')

在您的信号中，

<b>import mimetypes</b>


def mail_business_plan(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created:
        ctx = {"ctx": instance}

        from_email = 'info@some_email.in'

        subject = 'Business Plan by' + instance.company_name
        message = get_template('email/business_team.html').render(ctx)
        to = ['[e-mail]']
        mail = EmailMessage(subject, message, to=to, from_email=from_email)

        <b>content_type = mimetypes.guess_type(instance.presentation.name)[0] # change is here <<<</b>
        mail.attach_file(instance.presentation, instance.presentation.read(),<b> content_type) # <<< change is here also</b>

        return mail.send()

Reference:
mimetypes.guess_type()

- JPG

Answer 2

在Python中发送电子邮件的最佳方法是使用SMTP。

以下是在Ubuntu中配置Postfix并发送邮件的步骤：

1. sudo apt-get install mailutils

   只需按“ok”即可处理所有弹出窗口（您可以稍后更改主机名）。

2. sudo vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

   将以下行from inet_interfaces = all更改为inet_interfaces = localhost

3. sudo service postfix restart

完成所有这些步骤后，请尝试以下代码：

import os.path
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication

def send_email(subject, message, from_email, to_email=[], attachment=[]):
    """
    :param subject: email subject
    :param message: Body content of the email (string), can be HTML/CSS or plain text
    :param from_email: Email address from where the email is sent
    :param to_email: List of email recipients, example: ["[e-mail]", "[e-mail]"]
    :param attachment: List of attachments, exmaple: ["file1.txt", "file2.txt"]
    """
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg['Subject'] = subject
    msg['From'] = from_email
    msg['To'] = ", ".join(to_email)
    msg.attach(MIMEText(message, 'html'))

    for f in attachment:
        with open(f, 'rb') as a_file:
            basename = os.path.basename(f)
            part = MIMEApplication(a_file.read(), Name=basename)

        part[
            'Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % basename
        msg.attach(part)

    email = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
    email.sendmail(from_email, to_email, msg.as_string())

- aprasanth

Answer 3

我通过更改代码得到了解决方案

mail.attach_file(instance.presentation, instance.presentation.read(), instance.presentation.content_type)

到

mail.attach_file(instance.presentation.path)

- daemon