安装mysql-python时出现“无法找到-lssl；无法找到-lcrypto”的错误？

Question

安装mysql-python时出现“无法找到-lssl；无法找到-lcrypto”的错误？

38

我在Ubuntu 14.04上安装mysql-python pip（不论是系统范围内还是在虚拟环境中），并且已经安装了MariaDB 10，但尝试使用MariaDB 5.5也出现了相同的错误。如果只安装原版的mysql-server则不会出现此问题。

我已使用apt-get安装了以下内容：

build-essential
python-dev
libmariadbclient-dev（该库取代了libmysqlclient-dev）
python-mysqldb

最初我认为这个问题是在虚拟环境中安装时出现的，但后来发现mysql-python无法在系统范围内安装。以下是我在虚拟环境中安装所使用的命令。

virtualenv venv
. venv/bin/activate
pip install mysql-python==1.2.5

In file included from _mysql.c:44:0:
/usr/include/mysql/my_config.h:439:0: warning: "HAVE_WCSCOLL" redefined [enabled by default]
 #define HAVE_WCSCOLL
^
In file included from /usr/include/python2.7/pyconfig.h:3:0,  
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:8,
                 from _mysql.c:29:
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/python2.7/pyconfig.h:911:0: note: this is the location of the     previous definition
 #define HAVE_WCSCOLL 1

^x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions     -Wl,-z,relro -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Werror=format-security build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -lmariadbclient_r -lpthread -lz -lm -lssl -lcrypto -ldl -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.so
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lssl
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lcrypto
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command /root/env/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/root/env/build/mysql-    python/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-EyhO2v-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /root/env/include/site/python2.7 failed with error code 1 in /root/env/build/mysql-python
Storing debug log for failure in /root/.pip/pip.log

- ModerationMike

4个回答

16

我在 MacOS 上遇到了类似的错误，但对我来说没有出现 "/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lssl"。

按照以下步骤解决：

步骤1. 确保你已经使用 Homebrew 安装了 openssl。

brew install openssl

第二步。在终端中：

export LIBRARY_PATH=$LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/

对于Linux，您也可以尝试yum install 您缺少的库并将它们添加到LIBRARY_PATH。

- Shaofei Cheng

11

适用于 Debian 9.x：

apt install libssl-dev

- Dmitry Mottl

6

对于CentOS：

sudo yum install openssl-devel

- Eduard Gan

网页内容由stack overflow 提供, 点击上面的

可以查看英文原文，
原文链接

- Braiam · Accepted Answer

您需要安装OpenSSL的开发库。如果您的发行版提供了分离的dev库包，则可以是libssl-dev、libssl-devel。否则，如果没有提供，可以安装完整的openssl包。

(venv)➜  src  pip install mysql-python==1.2.5
Downloading/unpacking mysql-python==1.2.5
  Downloading MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip (108kB): 108kB downloaded
  Running setup.py (path:/home/braiam/src/venv/build/mysql-python/setup.py) egg_info for package mysql-python
    
Installing collected packages: mysql-python
  Running setup.py install for mysql-python
    building '_mysql' extension
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-strict-aliasing -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,2,5,'final',1) -D__version__=1.2.5 -I/usr/include/mysql -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o -DBIG_JOINS=1 -fno-strict-aliasing -g -static-libgcc -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing
    In file included from _mysql.c:44:0:
    /usr/include/mysql/my_config.h:439:0: warning: "HAVE_WCSCOLL" redefined
     #define HAVE_WCSCOLL
     ^
    In file included from /usr/include/python2.7/pyconfig.h:3:0,
                     from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:8,
                     from _mysql.c:29:
    /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/python2.7/pyconfig.h:911:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
     #define HAVE_WCSCOLL 1
     ^
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wl,-z,relro -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -lmariadbclient_r -lpthread -lz -lm -lssl -lcrypto -ldl -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.so
    
Successfully installed mysql-python
Cleaning up...

但是，你有两条消息是我没有的，分别是：

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lssl
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lcrypto

如果你运行ld -lcrypto --verbose或者ld -lssl --verbose，不会得到这样的结果：

➜  src  ld -lcrypto --verbose | grep succeeded
attempt to open //usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so succeeded
ld: warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; not setting start address
➜  src  ld -lssl --verbose | grep succeeded
attempt to open //usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so succeeded
ld: warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; not setting start address

所以，为了解决这个问题，只需确保您已安装提供两个库的libssl-dev包。