使用Python获取FFProbe信息

Question

使用Python获取FFProbe信息

pythonffmpegffprobe

17

我一直在尝试解决这个问题（我是新手），但一直无法解决。

我正在尝试编写一个脚本来测试文件，并给出输出信息，例如“音频格式”，然后将其放入文件名中。但是，我甚至无法让脚本返回任何文件信息。我因为无法插入输入文件而陷入了困境......

所以现在我只需要帮助让它根据我输入的 argvs 输出信息。希望我能够从中找到解析音频信息的方法。

我目前的尝试看起来已经接近成功：

#!/usr/bin/python
import os, sys, subprocess, shlex, re
from subprocess import call
def probe_file(filename):
    p = subprocess.Popen(['/opt/local/bin/ffprobe', '-show_format', '-pretty', '-loglevel quiet', -i filename], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)
    print filename
    print p.communicate()
[probe_file (f) for f in os.listdir('.') if not f.startswith('.')]

- user

7个回答

9

ffprobe 的 JSON 输出足够简单，可以在 Python 中解析，而无需安装第三方库。

#!/usr/bin/env python

import argparse
import json
import subprocess
import sys
from pathlib import Path
from typing import NamedTuple


class FFProbeResult(NamedTuple):
    return_code: int
    json: str
    error: str


def ffprobe(file_path) -> FFProbeResult:
    command_array = ["ffprobe",
                     "-v", "quiet",
                     "-print_format", "json",
                     "-show_format",
                     "-show_streams",
                     file_path]
    result = subprocess.run(command_array, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
    return FFProbeResult(return_code=result.returncode,
                         json=result.stdout,
                         error=result.stderr)

示例用法，回显生成的 JSON 字符串：

if __name__ == '__main__':
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='View ffprobe output')
    parser.add_argument('-i', '--input', help='File Name', required=True)
    args = parser.parse_args()
    if not Path(args.input).is_file():
        print("could not read file: " + args.input)
        exit(1)
    print('File:       {}'.format(args.input))
    ffprobe_result = ffprobe(file_path=args.input)
    if ffprobe_result.return_code == 0:
        # Print the raw json string
        print(ffprobe_result.json)
        
        # or print a summary of each stream
        d = json.loads(ffprobe_result.json)
        streams = d.get("streams", [])
        for stream in streams:
            print(f'{stream.get("codec_type", "unknown")}: {stream.get("codec_long_name")}')

    else:
        print("ERROR")
        print(ffprobe_result.error, file=sys.stderr)

所以：

$ ./ffprobe.py -i input.mp4
File:       input.mp4

{
  "streams": [
    {
      "index": 0,
      "codec_name": "h264",
      "codec_long_name": "H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10",
      "profile": "High",
      "codec_type": "video",
      "codec_time_base": "1001/48000",
      "codec_tag_string": "avc1",
      "codec_tag": "0x31637661",
      "width": 1920,
      "height": 1080,
      "coded_width": 1920,
      "coded_height": 1088,
      "has_b_frames": 2,
      "pix_fmt": "yuv420p",
      "level": 40,
      "color_range": "tv",
      "color_space": "bt709",
      "color_transfer": "bt709",
      "color_primaries": "bt709",
      "chroma_location": "left",
      "refs": 1,
      "is_avc": "true",
      "nal_length_size": "4",
      "r_frame_rate": "24000/1001",
      "avg_frame_rate": "24000/1001",
      "time_base": "1/24000",
      "start_pts": 0,
      "start_time": "0.000000",
      "duration_ts": 442440,
      "duration": "18.435000",
      "bit_rate": "4970031",
      "bits_per_raw_sample": "8",
      "nb_frames": "442",
      "disposition": {
        "default": 1,
        "dub": 0,
        "original": 0,
        "comment": 0,
        "lyrics": 0,
        "karaoke": 0,
        "forced": 0,
        "hearing_impaired": 0,
        "visual_impaired": 0,
        "clean_effects": 0,
        "attached_pic": 0,
        "timed_thumbnails": 0
      },
      "tags": {
        "creation_time": "2020-05-20T15:37:59.000000Z",
        "language": "und",
        "handler_name": "L-SMASH Video Handler",
        "encoder": "AVC Coding"
      }
    },
    {
      "index": 1,
      "codec_name": "aac",
      "codec_long_name": "AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)",
      "profile": "LC",
      "codec_type": "audio",
      "codec_time_base": "1/48000",
      "codec_tag_string": "mp4a",
      "codec_tag": "0x6134706d",
      "sample_fmt": "fltp",
      "sample_rate": "48000",
      "channels": 2,
      "channel_layout": "stereo",
      "bits_per_sample": 0,
      "r_frame_rate": "0/0",
      "avg_frame_rate": "0/0",
      "time_base": "1/48000",
      "start_pts": 0,
      "start_time": "0.000000",
      "duration_ts": 885760,
      "duration": "18.453333",
      "bit_rate": "137011",
      "max_bit_rate": "140304",
      "nb_frames": "865",
      "disposition": {
        "default": 1,
        "dub": 0,
        "original": 0,
        "comment": 0,
        "lyrics": 0,
        "karaoke": 0,
        "forced": 0,
        "hearing_impaired": 0,
        "visual_impaired": 0,
        "clean_effects": 0,
        "attached_pic": 0,
        "timed_thumbnails": 0
      },
      "tags": {
        "creation_time": "2020-05-20T15:37:59.000000Z",
        "language": "und",
        "handler_name": "L-SMASH Audio Handler"
      }
    }
  ],
  "format": {
    "filename": "input.mp4",
    "nb_streams": 2,
    "nb_programs": 0,
    "format_name": "mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2",
    "format_long_name": "QuickTime / MOV",
    "start_time": "0.000000",
    "duration": "18.453333",
    "size": "11779747",
    "bit_rate": "5106826",
    "probe_score": 100,
    "tags": {
      "major_brand": "mp42",
      "minor_version": "0",
      "compatible_brands": "mp42mp41isomavc1",
      "creation_time": "2020-05-20T15:37:59.000000Z"
    }
  }
}

video: H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10
audio: AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)

- mikebridge

3

以下是我认为既易于使用又易于解析的技术（已经在ffmpeg 3.x上测试）：

import subprocess
import xml.etree

def ffprobe(executable, filename):
    '''Runs ``ffprobe`` executable over ``filename``, returns parsed XML

    Parameters:

        executable (str): Full path leading to ``ffprobe``
        filename (str): Full path leading to the file to be probed

    Returns:

        xml.etree.ElementTree: containing all parsed elements

    '''

    cmd = [
        executable,
        '-v', 'quiet',
        '-print_format', 'xml', #here is the trick
        '-show_format',
        '-show_streams',
        filename,
        ]

    return xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstring(subprocess.check_output(cmd))

可用的数据来自于一个字符串表示，看起来像这样：

 <ffprobe>
   <streams>
     <stream index="0" codec_name="h264" codec_long_name="H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10" profile="Constrained Baseline" codec_type="video" codec_time_base="1/60" codec_tag_string="avc1" codec_tag="0x31637661" width="560" height="320" coded_width="560" coded_height="320" has_b_frames="0" sample_aspect_ratio="0:1" display_aspect_ratio="0:1" pix_fmt="yuv420p" level="30" color_range="tv" color_space="bt709" color_transfer="bt709" color_primaries="bt709" chroma_location="left" refs="1" is_avc="true" nal_length_size="4" r_frame_rate="30/1" avg_frame_rate="30/1" time_base="1/90000" start_pts="0" start_time="0.000000" duration_ts="498000" duration="5.533333" bit_rate="465641" bits_per_raw_sample="8" nb_frames="166">
       <disposition default="1" dub="0" original="0" comment="0" lyrics="0" karaoke="0" forced="0" hearing_impaired="0" visual_impaired="0" clean_effects="0" attached_pic="0" timed_thumbnails="0"/>
       <tag key="creation_time" value="2010-03-20T21:29:11.000000Z"/>
       <tag key="language" value="und"/>
       <tag key="encoder" value="JVT/AVC Coding"/>
     </stream>
     <stream>...</stream>
   </streams>
   <format filename="/Users/andre/Projects/qnap/librarian/librarian/data/movie.mp4" nb_streams="2" nb_programs="0" format_name="mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2" format_long_name="QuickTime / MOV" start_time="0.000000" duration="5.568000" size="383631" bit_rate="551193" probe_score="100">
     <tag key="major_brand" value="mp42"/>
     <tag key="minor_version" value="0"/>
     <tag key="compatible_brands" value="mp42isomavc1"/>
     <tag key="creation_time" value="2010-03-20T21:29:11.000000Z"/>
     <tag key="encoder" value="HandBrake 0.9.4 2009112300"/>
   </format>
 </ffprobe>

- André Anjos

你的XML解析对我不起作用（Debian 9，Python 3.5.3，ffprobe 3.2.8-1~deb9u1）。但还是谢谢你的提示：我将你的代码转换为JSON格式，现在它可以正常工作了。 - Gabriel Devillers

感谢您的反馈。您能否告诉我为什么它对您无效？是Python问题还是生成的XML不符合规范？ - André Anjos

当我调用你的函数时，返回语句给了我一个 AttributeError: module 'xml.etree' has no attribute 'ElementTree'。 - Gabriel Devillers

2

在终端中使用单行命令：

ffprobe -v quiet -print_format json -show_format -show_streams "foobar.mp4" > "foobar.mp4.json"

因此，您可以简单地执行以下操作：

#!/usr/bin/python3
import subprocess
import json


def probe_file(filename):
    command_line = ['ffprobe', '-v', 'quiet', '-print_format', 'json', '-show_format', '-show_streams', f"{filename}"] 
    p = subprocess.Popen(command_line, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
    print(filename) # * Sanity check *
    out, err =  p.communicate()
    if len(out)>0: # ** if result okay
        print("==========output==========")
        result = json.loads(out)
    else:
        result = {}
    if err:
        print("========= error ========")
        print(err)
    return result


result_json = probe_file('/foo/bar.mov')
print(json.dumps(result_json, indent=2))

注意：我已经使用了这个示例。您可以从GitHub克隆代码并将其用作模块：

#python3
    from ffprobe_json import ffprobe

    ffprobe_result, error = ffprobe(file_path="/your/media_file.mp4", quiet=True)

- Constantine Kurbatov

2

有一个适用于Python的FFProbe包装器（https://pypi.org/project/ffprobe/）。

您可以轻松安装它：(sudo) pip install ffprobe

典型用法：

最初的回答：

from ffprobe import FFProbe
metadata = FFProbe("example.mp4")

除了FFProbe之外，还有一个名为pymediainfo的库可以使用（https://pymediainfo.readthedocs.io/en/stable/）。你可以在文档网站中找到用法。

- bilalsamioguz

3

提醒一下，对于任何发现这篇文章的人，FFprobe并不与Python3兼容。 - jonbon

1

此外，Python的ffprobe库自2013年10月30日以来就没有更新过。 - Mass Dot Net

1

我对@mikebridg的代码进行了一些改进以适应我的需求，如果有用的话，这里是它。如果有人对代码风格/错误有评论，欢迎...我从来没有接受过任何外部代码审查:S

class FFProbeResult:

    def __init__(self, return_code: int = None, output: str = '', error: str = '', format=None):
        self.return_code = return_code
        self.output = output
        self.error = error
        self.format = format
        self._output_as_dict = None

    def get_output_as_dict(self):
        if self._output_as_dict is None:
            if self.format == 'json':
                self._output_as_dict = json.loads(self.output)
            elif self.format == 'flat':
                output = [e.split('=') for e in self.output.strip().split('\n')]
                self._output_as_dict = {key_val[0]: key_val[1] for key_val in output}
            else:
                raise ValueError("ffprobe format '%s' not supported to build dict" % self.format)
        return self._output_as_dict

    def to_json_file(self, path: Path, mode='w', **kwargs):
        """
        :param mode: file open mode
        :param kwargs: kwargs for pathlib.Path().open()
        """
        path = path if isinstance(path, Path) else Path(path)
        with path.open(mode, **kwargs) as f:
            json.dump(self.get_output_as_dict(), f, indent=4)
            logger.debug('Dumped ffprobe output into %s', path)


def ffprobe(file_path, ffprobe_format="json", format_optn='', log_level='error') -> FFProbeResult:
    assert ffprobe_format in ['json', 'flat'], "format must be json or flat, not %s" % ffprobe_format
    format_optn = '=' + format_optn if format_optn else format_optn
    command_array = ["ffprobe",
                     "-v", log_level,
                     "-print_format", ffprobe_format + format_optn,
                     '-show_programs',
                     "-show_format",
                     "-show_streams",
                     f"{file_path}"]
    try:
        result = subprocess.run(command_array, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
    except Exception as e:
        logger.critical("ffprobe failed to run on %s, with the following error: '%s'\n"
                        " check first that cmd is in your path",
                        file_path, result.stderr, exc_info=True)
        raise e

    return FFProbeResult(return_code=result.returncode,
                         output=result.stdout,
                         error=result.stderr,
                         format=ffprobe_format)

- nonayme

1

你可以使用ffprobe-python模块(https://github.com/gbstack/ffprobe-python)。该模块兼容Python 3。

或者使用pip安装它 pip install ffprobe-python 用法

from ffprobe import FFProbe
metadata = FFProbe("test.mp4")

- Mark Ma

网页内容由stack overflow 提供, 点击上面的

可以查看英文原文，
原文链接

- Anurag Uniyal · Accepted Answer

你的代码存在以下几个问题:

Popen中的参数列表，最后一个参数写成了 -i filename，这是语法错误，应该改为 '-i '+filename
shell=True 通常不是必需的且会增加负担。

除此之外，看起来你的代码已经可以工作了，你在修正问题1后还是没有看到输出吗？

编辑：看起来您遇到了ffprobe命令行的问题，因此我安装了它并做了以下更改：

我的ffprobe (ffprobe 0.7.3-4:0.7.3-0ubuntu0.11.10.1)好像不能接受 -i 标志，输入文件只需作为最后一个参数传递。
您需要将 -loglevel 和 loglevel 的选项 quiet 作为单独的参数传递，即 [..., '-loglevel', 'quiet',..]

因此，在这些更改之后，这是一个示例脚本:

#!/usr/bin/python
import os, sys, subprocess, shlex, re
from subprocess import call
def probe_file(filename):
    cmnd = ['ffprobe', '-show_format', '-pretty', '-loglevel', 'quiet', filename]
    p = subprocess.Popen(cmnd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
    print filename
    out, err =  p.communicate()
    print "==========output=========="
    print out
    if err:
        print "========= error ========"
        print err

probe_file('drop.avi')

我看到了正确的输出：

==========output==========
[FORMAT]
filename=drop.avi
nb_streams=1
format_name=avi
format_long_name=AVI format
start_time=0:00:00.000000
duration=0:00:06.066667
size=660.000 Kibyte
bit_rate=891.217 Kbit/s
[/FORMAT]

========= error ========
ffprobe version 0.7.3-4:0.7.3-0ubuntu0.11.10.1, Copyright (c) 2007-2011 the Libav developers
  built on Jan  4 2012 16:08:51 with gcc 4.6.1
  configuration: --extra-version='4:0.7.3-0ubuntu0.11.10.1' --arch=amd64 --prefix=/usr --enable-vdpau --enable-bzlib --enable-libgsm --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-pthreads --enable-zlib --enable-libvpx --enable-runtime-cpudetect --enable-vaapi --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-swscale --enable-x11grab --enable-libdc1394 --enable-shared --disable-static
  libavutil    51.  7. 0 / 51.  7. 0
  libavcodec   53.  6. 0 / 53.  6. 0
  libavformat  53.  3. 0 / 53.  3. 0
  libavdevice  53.  0. 0 / 53.  0. 0
  libavfilter   2.  4. 0 /  2.  4. 0
  libswscale    2.  0. 0 /  2.  0. 0
  libpostproc  52.  0. 0 / 52.  0. 0
Unsupported codec with id 114 for input stream 0