Python：根据单词的首字母拆分列表

Question

我很困扰一个问题，已经反复思考多次，但越想越糊涂。

我的目标是提取一个单词列表：

['About', 'Absolutely', 'After', 'Aint', 'Alabama', 'AlabamaBill', 'All', 'Also', 'Amos', 'And', 'Anyhow', 'Are', 'As', 'At', 'Aunt', 'Aw', 'Bedlam', 'Behind', 'Besides', 'Biblical', 'Bill', 'Billgone']

然后按照字母顺序进行排序：

A
About
Absolutely
After

B
Bedlam
Behind

有没有简单的方法来做到这一点？

- JasonOrtiz

Answer 1

使用itertools.groupby()函数，按照指定的键（例如第一个字母）对输入进行分组：

from itertools import groupby
from operator import itemgetter

for letter, words in groupby(sorted(somelist), key=itemgetter(0)):
    print letter
    for word in words:
        print word
    print

如果您的列表已经排序，可以省略sorted()调用。 itemgetter(0)可调用对象将返回每个单词的第一个字母（索引为0的字符），然后groupby()将生成该键以及仅由保持相同键的那些项目组成的可迭代对象。在这种情况下，循环遍历words可以给您所有以相同字符开头的项。

>>> somelist = ['About', 'Absolutely', 'After', 'Aint', 'Alabama', 'AlabamaBill', 'All', 'Also', 'Amos', 'And', 'Anyhow', 'Are', 'As', 'At', 'Aunt', 'Aw', 'Bedlam', 'Behind', 'Besides', 'Biblical', 'Bill', 'Billgone']
>>> from itertools import groupby
>>> from operator import itemgetter
>>> 
>>> for letter, words in groupby(sorted(somelist), key=itemgetter(0)):
...     print letter
...     for word in words:
...         print word
...     print
... 
A
About
Absolutely
After
Aint
Alabama
AlabamaBill
All
Also
Amos
And
Anyhow
Are
As
At
Aunt
Aw

B
Bedlam
Behind
Besides
Biblical
Bill
Billgone

- Martijn Pieters

Answer 2

不使用任何库导入或其他花哨的东西。 这里是逻辑：

def splitLst(x):
    dictionary = dict()
    for word in x:
       f = word[0]
       if f in dictionary.keys():
            dictionary[f].append(word)
       else:
            dictionary[f] = [word]
     return dictionary

splitLst(['About', 'Absolutely', 'After', 'Aint', 'Alabama', 'AlabamaBill', 'All', 'Also', 'Amos', 'And', 'Anyhow', 'Are', 'As', 'At', 'Aunt', 'Aw', 'Bedlam', 'Behind', 'Besides', 'Biblical', 'Bill', 'Billgone'])

- Mike

Answer 3

def split(n): n2 = [] for i in n: if i[0] not in n2: n2.append(i[0]) n2.sort() for j in n: z = j[0] z1 = n2.index(z) n2.insert(z1+1, j) return n2

word_list = ['be','have','do','say','get','make','go','know','take','see','come','think', 'look','want','give','use','find','tell','ask','work','seem','feel','leave','call'] print(split(word_list))

- ibrahim moataz Mohamed