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Rails - Postgres - 无法连接到服务器：连接被拒绝（PG :: ConnectionBad）

ruby-on-railsdatabasesqlitedatabase-connectionrails-postgresql
6

昨天我安装了Postgres和pgAdminIII，一切都正常工作，但是重新加载后停止工作。在rails server之后，我收到了错误消息：

=> Booting Thin
=> Rails 3.2.13 application starting in development on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Call with -d to detach
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
Exiting
/home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1216:in `initialize': could not connect to server: Connection refused (PG::ConnectionBad)
        Is the server running on host "localhost" (127.0.0.1) and accepting
        TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1216:in `new'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1216:in `connect'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:324:in `initialize'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `new'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `postgresql_connection'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:315:in `new_connection'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:325:in `checkout_new_connection'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:247:in `block (2 levels) in checkout'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:242:in `loop'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:242:in `block in checkout'
        from /home/home/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:239:in `checkout'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:102:in `block in connection'
        from /home/home/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:101:in `connection'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:410:in `retrieve_connection'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:171:in `retrieve_connection'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:145:in `connection'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:88:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `each'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/application.rb:136:in `initialize!'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/railtie/configurable.rb:30:in `method_missing'
        from /home/home/Projects/mostdance/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `block in require'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
        from /home/home/Projects/mostdance/config.ru:3:in `block in <main>'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:51:in `instance_eval'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:51:in `initialize'
        from /home/home/Projects/mostdance/config.ru:in `new'
        from /home/home/Projects/mostdance/config.ru:in `<main>'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `eval'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/server.rb:200:in `app'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:46:in `app'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/server.rb:304:in `wrapped_app'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/server.rb:254:in `start'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:70:in `start'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:55:in `block in <top (required)>'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `tap'
        from /home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `<top (required)>'
        from script/rails:6:in `require'
        from script/rails:6:in `<main>'

这是我的database.yml文件：
development:
  host: localhost
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: mydb
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000
  username: postgres
  password: password
  min_messages: WARNING

test:
  host: localhost
  adapter: sqlite3
  database: db/test.sqlite3
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000

production:
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: mydb
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000
  username: postgres
  password: password
  host: 127.0.0.1
  port: 5432
  min_messages: WARNING

我尝试运行Postgres服务器:

su postgres /etc/init.d/postgresql start

Password: 
 * Starting PostgreSQL 9.1 database server                                                                                                                                                       * Use of uninitialized value $info{"pgdata"} in -d at /usr/bin/pg_ctlcluster line 331.
Use of uninitialized value $info{"pgdata"} in concatenation (.) or string at /usr/bin/pg_ctlcluster line 332.
Error:  is not accessible or does not exist

此外，我不知道为什么，但现在rails server会出现以下错误：
=> Booting Thin
=> Rails 3.2.13 application starting in development on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Call with -d to detach
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
Exiting
/home/home/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1216:in `initialize': FATAL:  Peer authentication failed for user "postgres" (PG::ConnectionBad)

请帮助我！如果需要更多信息，请在评论中写下来，我会更新我的问题。

如果postgres服务器没有启动或重新启动，这很可能是由于“服务器是否运行...”消息而导致的，请查看postgres服务器日志以获取错误消息。 - Daniel Vérité
2
问题出在 PostgreSQL 上，而不是 Rails 上。当您尝试启动数据库服务器时收到的错误消息使人觉得其中一个启动脚本已被编辑并损坏，或者可能是数据库没有初始化。也许可以围绕数据库错误重新表述问题？ - Joe Mahoney
请参见 https://dev59.com/q2Ij5IYBdhLWcg3w2odr。 - Kevin
2个回答
6
当我过去遇到这个问题时，有几件事情可以做来使它运行起来，大部分看起来很简单，但我常常很健忘。有时候，我实际上在切换到postgresql之后并没有创建数据库。
bundle exec rake db:create

然后获取那里的所有表格--

bundle exec rake db:migrate

有时候我需要仔细检查并确保PG gem已经安装

gem install pg
0

如果您使用的是Mac，则尝试重新安装Postgresapp，然后重新启动所有内容。确保再次导入数据库。

如果您使用的是Linux，则重新安装Postgres，然后重新启动所有内容。

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