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使用PHP将相对路径转换为绝对URL

phpparsingrelative-path
24

如何使用 PHP 将相对路径转换为绝对 URL？

重复内容：https://dev59.com/bnjZa4cB1Zd3GeqPeHI3，https://dev59.com/dITba4cB1Zd3GeqP41zd - qdinar
另一个重复的问题：https://dev59.com/-2bWa4cB1Zd3GeqPXoZ9 - qdinar
这个问题本身是一个重复的问题，可以在 https://dev59.com/KXM_5IYBdhLWcg3ww2AQ 上找到答案。 - qdinar
3
@qdinar 重复->重复 :-) - Gazzer
13个回答
41
function rel2abs($rel, $base)
{
    /* return if already absolute URL */
    if (parse_url($rel, PHP_URL_SCHEME) != '') return $rel;

    /* queries and anchors */
    if ($rel[0]=='#' || $rel[0]=='?') return $base.$rel;

    /* parse base URL and convert to local variables:
       $scheme, $host, $path */
    extract(parse_url($base));

    /* remove non-directory element from path */
    $path = preg_replace('#/[^/]*$#', '', $path);

    /* destroy path if relative url points to root */
    if ($rel[0] == '/') $path = '';

    /* dirty absolute URL */
    $abs = "$host$path/$rel";

    /* replace '//' or '/./' or '/foo/../' with '/' */
    $re = array('#(/\.?/)#', '#/(?!\.\.)[^/]+/\.\./#');
    for($n=1; $n>0; $abs=preg_replace($re, '/', $abs, -1, $n)) {}

    /* absolute URL is ready! */
    return $scheme.'://'.$abs;
}
8
大多数情况下这已经足够好了，但它在很多边缘案例中失败了。链接 - pguardiario
1
如果相对URL以?开头，则在拆分相对和绝对URL之前应从基本URL中删除查询部分。 - qdinar
1
$rel 不应该是一个包含相对 URL 的字符串吗？为什么你要尝试 $rel[0]？这只会返回一个错误 未初始化的字符串偏移量：0。 - HelpingHand
2
此链接已失效，指向一些非法网站（可能是恶意软件）。 - Luke Taylor
1
当rel以“//”开头时会失败。 - dldnh
固定答案在这里：https://dev59.com/5G855IYBdhLWcg3wQx_h#52800028 - user1742529
7

我喜欢Jordanstephens在链接中提供的代码！我给它投了赞成票。L0oky启发了我要确保函数与端口、用户名和密码URL兼容。我需要它来完成我的项目。

function rel2abs( $rel, $base )
{
    /* return if already absolute URL */
    if( parse_url($rel, PHP_URL_SCHEME) != '' )
        return( $rel );

    /* queries and anchors */
    if( $rel[0]=='#' || $rel[0]=='?' )
        return( $base.$rel );

    /* parse base URL and convert to local variables:
       $scheme, $host, $path */
    extract( parse_url($base) );

    /* remove non-directory element from path */
    $path = preg_replace( '#/[^/]*$#', '', $path );

    /* destroy path if relative url points to root */
    if( $rel[0] == '/' )
        $path = '';

    /* dirty absolute URL */
    $abs = '';

    /* do we have a user in our URL? */
    if( isset($user) )
    {
        $abs.= $user;

        /* password too? */
        if( isset($pass) )
            $abs.= ':'.$pass;

        $abs.= '@';
    }

    $abs.= $host;

    /* did somebody sneak in a port? */
    if( isset($port) )
        $abs.= ':'.$port;

    $abs.=$path.'/'.$rel;

    /* replace '//' or '/./' or '/foo/../' with '/' */
    $re = array('#(/\.?/)#', '#/(?!\.\.)[^/]+/\.\./#');
    for( $n=1; $n>0; $abs=preg_replace( $re, '/', $abs, -1, $n ) ) {}

    /* absolute URL is ready! */
    return( $scheme.'://'.$abs );
}
但它将返回绝对文件系统路径，而我们想要绝对URL。 - siddhesh
这应该返回一个URL。它是否为您返回文件路径？ - Mikey A. Leonetti
5

新增支持保留当前查询条件的功能。这对于包含 ?page=1 等查询参数的情况非常有帮助...

function rel2abs($rel, $base)
{
    /* return if already absolute URL */
    if (parse_url($rel, PHP_URL_SCHEME) != '')
        return ($rel);

    /* queries and anchors */
    if ($rel[0] == '#' || $rel[0] == '?')
        return ($base . $rel);

    /* parse base URL and convert to local variables: $scheme, $host, $path, $query, $port, $user, $pass */
    extract(parse_url($base));

    /* remove non-directory element from path */
    $path = preg_replace('#/[^/]*$#', '', $path);

    /* destroy path if relative url points to root */
    if ($rel[0] == '/')
        $path = '';

    /* dirty absolute URL */
    $abs = '';

    /* do we have a user in our URL? */
    if (isset($user)) {
        $abs .= $user;

        /* password too? */
        if (isset($pass))
            $abs .= ':' . $pass;

        $abs .= '@';
    }

    $abs .= $host;

    /* did somebody sneak in a port? */
    if (isset($port))
        $abs .= ':' . $port;

    $abs .= $path . '/' . $rel . (isset($query) ? '?' . $query : '');

    /* replace '//' or '/./' or '/foo/../' with '/' */
    $re = ['#(/\.?/)#', '#/(?!\.\.)[^/]+/\.\./#'];
    for ($n = 1; $n > 0; $abs = preg_replace($re, '/', $abs, -1, $n)) {
    }

    /* absolute URL is ready! */

    return ($scheme . '://' . $abs);
}
1
同样适用于以“//”开头的rel。 - dldnh
4

我更新了该函数以修复以“//”开头的相对URL，提高了执行速度。

function getAbsoluteUrl($relativeUrl, $baseUrl){

    // if already absolute URL 
    if (parse_url($relativeUrl, PHP_URL_SCHEME) !== null){
        return $relativeUrl;
    }

    // queries and anchors
    if ($relativeUrl[0] === '#' || $relativeUrl[0] === '?'){
        return $baseUrl.$relativeUrl;
    }

    // parse base URL and convert to: $scheme, $host, $path, $query, $port, $user, $pass
    extract(parse_url($baseUrl));

    // if base URL contains a path remove non-directory elements from $path
    if (isset($path) === true){
        $path = preg_replace('#/[^/]*$#', '', $path);
    }
    else {
        $path = '';
    }

    // if realtive URL starts with //
    if (substr($relativeUrl, 0, 2) === '//'){
        return $scheme.':'.$relativeUrl;
    }

    // if realtive URL starts with /
    if ($relativeUrl[0] === '/'){
        $path = null;
    }

    $abs = null;

    // if realtive URL contains a user
    if (isset($user) === true){
        $abs .= $user;

        // if realtive URL contains a password
        if (isset($pass) === true){
            $abs .= ':'.$pass;
        }

        $abs .= '@';
    }

    $abs .= $host;

    // if realtive URL contains a port
    if (isset($port) === true){
        $abs .= ':'.$port;
    }

    $abs .= $path.'/'.$relativeUrl.(isset($query) === true ? '?'.$query : null);

    // replace // or /./ or /foo/../ with /
    $re = ['#(/\.?/)#', '#/(?!\.\.)[^/]+/\.\./#'];
    for ($n = 1; $n > 0; $abs = preg_replace($re, '/', $abs, -1, $n)) {
    }

    // return absolute URL
    return $scheme.'://'.$abs;

}
3
一个网络浏览器使用页面URL或base标签来解析相对URL。
此脚本可以相对于基础URL解析URL。
/** Build a URL
 *
 * @param array $parts An array that follows the parse_url scheme
 * @return string
 */
function build_url($parts)
{
    if (empty($parts['user'])) {
        $url = $parts['scheme'] . '://' . $parts['host'];
    } elseif(empty($parts['pass'])) {
        $url = $parts['scheme'] . '://' . $parts['user'] . '@' . $parts['host'];
    } else {
        $url = $parts['scheme'] . '://' . $parts['user'] . ':' . $parts['pass'] . '@' . $parts['host'];
    }

    if (!empty($parts['port'])) {
        $url .= ':' . $parts['port'];
    }

    if (!empty($parts['path'])) {
        $url .= $parts['path'];
    }

    if (!empty($parts['query'])) {
        $url .= '?' . $parts['query'];
    }

    if (!empty($parts['fragment'])) {
        return $url . '#' . $parts['fragment'];
    }

    return $url;
}

/** Convert a relative path in to an absolute path
 *
 * @param string $path
 * @return string
 */
function abs_path($path)
{
    $path_array = explode('/', $path);

    // Solve current and parent folder navigation
    $translated_path_array = array();
    $i = 0;
    foreach ($path_array as $name) {
        if ($name === '..') {
            unset($translated_path_array[--$i]);
        } elseif (!empty($name) && $name !== '.') {
            $translated_path_array[$i++] = $name;
        }
    }

    return '/' . implode('/', $translated_path_array);
}

/** Convert a relative URL in to an absolute URL
 *
 * @param string $url URL or URI
 * @param string $base Absolute URL
 * @return string
 */
function abs_url($url, $base)
{
    $url_parts = parse_url($url);
    $base_parts = parse_url($base);

    // Handle the path if it is specified
    if (!empty($url_parts['path'])) {
        // Is the path relative
        if (substr($url_parts['path'], 0, 1) !== '/') {
            if (substr($base_parts['path'], -1) === '/') {
                $url_parts['path'] = $base_parts['path'] . $url_parts['path'];
            } else {
                $url_parts['path'] = dirname($base_parts['path']) . '/' . $url_parts['path'];
            }
        }

        // Make path absolute
        $url_parts['path'] = abs_path($url_parts['path']);
    }

    // Use the base URL to populate the unfilled components until a component is filled
    foreach (['scheme', 'host', 'path', 'query', 'fragment'] as $comp) {
        if (!empty($url_parts[$comp])) {
            break;
        }
        $url_parts[$comp] = $base_parts[$comp];
    }

    return build_url($url_parts);
}

测试

// Base URL
$base_url = 'https://example.com/path1/path2/path3/path4/file.ext?field1=value1&field2=value2#fragment';

// URL and URIs (_ is used to see what is coming from relative URL)
$test_urls = array(
    "http://_example.com/_path1/_path2/_file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment", // URL
    "//_example.com/_path1/_path2/_file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment",      // URI without scheme
    "//_example.com",                                                                        // URI with host only
    "/_path1/_path2/_file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment",                    // URI without scheme and host
    "_path1/_path2/_file.ext",                                                               // URI with path only
    "./../../_path1/../_path2/file.ext#_fragment",                                           // URI with path and fragment
    "?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment",                                            // URI with query and fragment
    "#_fragment"                                                                             // URI with fragment only
);

// Expected result
$expected_urls = array(
    "http://_example.com/_path1/_path2/_file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment",
    "https://_example.com/_path1/_path2/_file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment",
    "https://_example.com",
    "https://example.com/_path1/_path2/_file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment",
    "https://example.com/path1/path2/path3/path4/_path1/_path2/_file.ext",
    "https://example.com/path1/path2/_path2/file.ext#_fragment",
    "https://example.com/path1/path2/path3/path4/file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment",
    "https://example.com/path1/path2/path3/path4/file.ext?field1=value1&field2=value2#_fragment"
);

foreach ($test_urls as $i => $url) {
    $abs_url = abs_url($url, $base_url);
    if ( $abs_url == $expected_urls[$i] ) {
        echo  "[OK] " . $abs_url . PHP_EOL;
    } else {
        echo  "[WRONG] " . $abs_url . PHP_EOL;
    }
}

结果

[OK] http://_example.com/_path1/_path2/_file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment
[OK] https://_example.com/_path1/_path2/_file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment
[OK] https://_example.com
[OK] https://example.com/_path1/_path2/_file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment
[OK] https://example.com/path1/path2/path3/path4/_path1/_path2/_file.ext
[OK] https://example.com/path1/path2/_path2/file.ext#_fragment
[OK] https://example.com/path1/path2/path3/path4/file.ext?_field1=_value1&_field2=_value2#_fragment
[OK] https://example.com/path1/path2/path3/path4/file.ext?field1=value1&field2=value2#_fragment
1

实际上问题不是关于转换URL而是路径吗？PHP实际上有一个函数可以做到这一点：realpath()。你唯一需要注意的是符号链接。

来自PHP手册的示例：

chdir('/var/www/');
echo realpath('./../../etc/passwd') . PHP_EOL;
// Prints: /etc/passwd

echo realpath('/tmp/') . PHP_EOL;
// Prints: /tmp
你能提供一个使用它的例子吗？ - anon
4
该方法的结果是一个路径而不是一个URL。问题要求的是URL。 - Moradnejad
0
一个简单的方法是使用phpUri，这是一个用于将相对URL转换为绝对URL的小型PHP库。
使用方法很简单：
require_once 'phpuri.php';
$absolute = phpUri::parse( $base_path )->join( $relative_path );

你甚至不需要检查传递给join的路径是否实际上是相对路径。如果它是绝对路径，parse函数会直接返回它。
链接已失效 - jkoop
@jkoop 已修复，谢谢 - Paolo
-1
如果相对目录已经存在，这样做就可以了：
function rel2abs($relPath, $baseDir = './')
{ 
if ('' == trim($path))
{
    return $baseDir;
    }
    $currentDir = getcwd();
    chdir($baseDir);
    $path = realpath($path);
    chdir($currentDir);
    return $path;
}
2
参数被称为$relPath，但在函数体中您使用了$path。请更正其中一个... - brew
-1

此函数将解析相对URL到给定的当前页面URL $pgurl，无需正则表达式。它成功地解析了以下类型：

/home.php?example 类型，

同一目录下的 nextpage.php 类型，

../...../.../parentdir 类型，

完整的 http://example.net URL，

以及简写的 //example.net URL。

//Current base URL (you can dynamically retrieve from $_SERVER)
$pgurl = 'http://example.com/scripts/php/absurl.php';

function absurl($url) {
 global $pgurl;
 if(strpos($url,'://')) return $url; //already absolute
 if(substr($url,0,2)=='//') return 'http:'.$url; //shorthand scheme
 if($url[0]=='/') return parse_url($pgurl,PHP_URL_SCHEME).'://'.parse_url($pgurl,PHP_URL_HOST).$url; //just add domain
 if(strpos($pgurl,'/',9)===false) $pgurl .= '/'; //add slash to domain if needed
 return substr($pgurl,0,strrpos($pgurl,'/')+1).$url; //for relative links, gets current directory and appends new filename
}

function nodots($path) { //Resolve dot dot slashes, no regex!
 $arr1 = explode('/',$path);
 $arr2 = array();
 foreach($arr1 as $seg) {
  switch($seg) {
   case '.':
    break;
   case '..':
    array_pop($arr2);
    break;
   case '...':
    array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2);
    break;
   case '....':
    array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2);
    break;
   case '.....':
    array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2);
    break;
   default:
    $arr2[] = $seg;
  }
 }
 return implode('/',$arr2);
}

使用示例：

echo nodots(absurl('../index.html'));

nodots() 必须在 URL 转换为绝对路径之后调用。

点函数有点多余，但易读、快速，不使用正则表达式，并且可以解决 99% 的典型 URL（如果您想要 100% 确定，请扩展 switch 块以支持 6+ 个点，尽管我从未见过 URL 中有那么多的点）。

希望这可以帮助到您，

-1
function url_to_absolute($baseURL, $relativeURL) {  
    $relativeURL_data = parse_url($relativeURL);

    if (isset($relativeURL_data['scheme'])) {
        return $relativeURL;
    }

    $baseURL_data = parse_url($baseURL);

    if (!isset($baseURL_data['scheme'])) {
        return $relativeURL;
    }

    $absoluteURL_data = $baseURL_data;

    if (isset($relativeURL_data['path']) && $relativeURL_data['path']) {
        if (substr($relativeURL_data['path'], 0, 1) == '/') {
            $absoluteURL_data['path'] = $relativeURL_data['path'];
        } else {
            $absoluteURL_data['path'] = (isset($absoluteURL_data['path']) ? preg_replace('#[^/]*$#', '', $absoluteURL_data['path']) : '/') . $relativeURL_data['path'];
        }

        if (isset($relativeURL_data['query'])) {
            $absoluteURL_data['query'] = $relativeURL_data['query'];
        } else if (isset($absoluteURL_data['query'])) {
            unset($absoluteURL_data['query']);
        }
    } else {
        $absoluteURL_data['path'] = isset($absoluteURL_data['path']) ? $absoluteURL_data['path'] : '/';

        if (isset($relativeURL_data['query'])) {
            $absoluteURL_data['query'] = $relativeURL_data['query'];
        } else if (isset($absoluteURL_data['query'])) {
            $absoluteURL_data['query'] = $absoluteURL_data['query'];
        }
    }

    if (isset($relativeURL_data['fragment'])) {
        $absoluteURL_data['fragment'] = $relativeURL_data['fragment'];
    } else if (isset($absoluteURL_data['fragment'])) {
        unset($absoluteURL_data['fragment']);
    }

    $absoluteURL_path = ltrim($absoluteURL_data['path'], '/');
    $absoluteURL_path_parts = array();

    for ($i = 0, $i2 = 0; $i < strlen($absoluteURL_path); $i++) {
        if (isset($absoluteURL_path_parts[$i2])) {
            $absoluteURL_path_parts[$i2] .= $absoluteURL_path[$i];
        } else {
            $absoluteURL_path_parts[$i2] = $absoluteURL_path[$i];
        }

        if ($absoluteURL_path[$i] == '/') {
            $i2++;
        }
    }

    reset($absoluteURL_path_parts);

    while (true) {
        if (rtrim(current($absoluteURL_path_parts), '/') == '.') {
            unset($absoluteURL_path_parts[key($absoluteURL_path_parts)]);

            continue;
        } else if (rtrim(current($absoluteURL_path_parts), '/') == '..') {
            if (prev($absoluteURL_path_parts) !== false) {
                unset($absoluteURL_path_parts[key($absoluteURL_path_parts)]);
            } else {
                reset($absoluteURL_path_parts);
            }

            unset($absoluteURL_path_parts[key($absoluteURL_path_parts)]);

            continue;
        }

        if (next($absoluteURL_path_parts) === false) {
            break;
        }
    }

    $absoluteURL_data['path'] = '/' . implode('', $absoluteURL_path_parts);

    $absoluteURL = isset($absoluteURL_data['scheme']) ? $absoluteURL_data['scheme'] . ':' : '';
    $absoluteURL .= (isset($absoluteURL_data['user']) || isset($absoluteURL_data['host'])) ? '//' : '';
    $absoluteURL .= isset($absoluteURL_data['user']) ? $absoluteURL_data['user'] : '';
    $absoluteURL .= isset($absoluteURL_data['pass']) ? ':' . $absoluteURL_data['pass'] : '';
    $absoluteURL .= isset($absoluteURL_data['user']) ? '@' : '';
    $absoluteURL .= isset($absoluteURL_data['host']) ? $absoluteURL_data['host'] : '';
    $absoluteURL .= isset($absoluteURL_data['port']) ? ':' . $absoluteURL_data['port'] : '';
    $absoluteURL .= isset($absoluteURL_data['path']) ? $absoluteURL_data['path'] : '';
    $absoluteURL .= isset($absoluteURL_data['query']) ? '?' . $absoluteURL_data['query'] : '';
    $absoluteURL .= isset($absoluteURL_data['fragment']) ? '#' . $absoluteURL_data['fragment'] : '';

    return $absoluteURL;
}
还有其他答案可以回答提问者的问题，而且它们是很多年前发布的。在回答问题时，请确保您添加了一个新的解决方案或者更加详细的解释，特别是当回答老问题时。 - help-info.de
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