我需要根据文件名加载文件,但是我获取的文件名是不区分大小写的。例如"A.txt"实际上可能是"a.txt"。如何快速地解决这个问题(而不是生成所有可能的名称并尝试每个名称)?
我需要根据文件名加载文件,但是我获取的文件名是不区分大小写的。例如"A.txt"实际上可能是"a.txt"。如何快速地解决这个问题(而不是生成所有可能的名称并尝试每个名称)?
os.listdir
),然后查看是否有与您的文件名匹配的内容。可以通过将两个文件名转换为小写并进行比较来进行匹配。如果你想进行目录匹配并比较每个项目,就不能不获取目录列表和需要查找的项,然后将它们都转换为相同的大小写进行比较。文件系统区分大小写,这就是全部内容。
这里有一个函数(其实是两个),我编写了完整的代码,可以进行不区分大小写的文件名匹配,并且支持递归搜索:http://portableapps.hg.sourceforge.net/hgweb/portableapps/development-toolkit/file/775197d56e86/utils.py#l78。
def path_insensitive(path):
"""
Get a case-insensitive path for use on a case sensitive system.
>>> path_insensitive('/Home')
'/home'
>>> path_insensitive('/Home/chris')
'/home/chris'
>>> path_insensitive('/HoME/CHris/')
'/home/chris/'
>>> path_insensitive('/home/CHRIS')
'/home/chris'
>>> path_insensitive('/Home/CHRIS/.gtk-bookmarks')
'/home/chris/.gtk-bookmarks'
>>> path_insensitive('/home/chris/.GTK-bookmarks')
'/home/chris/.gtk-bookmarks'
>>> path_insensitive('/HOME/Chris/.GTK-bookmarks')
'/home/chris/.gtk-bookmarks'
>>> path_insensitive("/HOME/Chris/I HOPE this doesn't exist")
"/HOME/Chris/I HOPE this doesn't exist"
"""
return _path_insensitive(path) or path
def _path_insensitive(path):
"""
Recursive part of path_insensitive to do the work.
"""
if path == '' or os.path.exists(path):
return path
base = os.path.basename(path) # may be a directory or a file
dirname = os.path.dirname(path)
suffix = ''
if not base: # dir ends with a slash?
if len(dirname) < len(path):
suffix = path[:len(path) - len(dirname)]
base = os.path.basename(dirname)
dirname = os.path.dirname(dirname)
if not os.path.exists(dirname):
dirname = _path_insensitive(dirname)
if not dirname:
return
# at this point, the directory exists but not the file
try: # we are expecting dirname to be a directory, but it could be a file
files = os.listdir(dirname)
except OSError:
return
baselow = base.lower()
try:
basefinal = next(fl for fl in files if fl.lower() == baselow)
except StopIteration:
return
if basefinal:
return os.path.join(dirname, basefinal) + suffix
else:
return
def find_sensitive_path(dir, insensitive_path):
insensitive_path = insensitive_path.strip(os.path.sep)
parts = insensitive_path.split(os.path.sep)
next_name = parts[0]
for name in os.listdir(dir):
if next_name.lower() == name.lower():
improved_path = os.path.join(dir, name)
if len(parts) == 1:
return improved_path
else:
return find_sensitive_path(improved_path, os.path.sep.join(parts[1:]))
return None