HTTP 媒体流服务器

Question

我使用RED5媒体服务器（RTMP）开发了视频流应用程序。现在需要通过HTTP来直播视频。

有任何开源HTTP媒体服务器吗？

是否有支持RTMP和HTTP的开源服务器？

提前致谢。

- DIVAKAR SRINIVASAN

---

说句实话，我已经用Node.js写了一个简单的服务器，它使用FFmpeg来实时重新编码视频以进行常规HTTP流媒体传输。它运行得非常好，而且代码不到20行。 - Brad

Answer 1

首先，HTTP和RTMP是不同的协议。你不能在HTTP中服务RTMP。（虽然你可以使用隧道解决方案来做到这一点）。

有几种方法可以进行HTTP流媒体传输，如HLS、DASH、Smooth和Progressive Download。如果你需要向iOS（iPad、iPhone、Apple TV）提供流媒体服务，则需要使用HLS。

另外，正如arcyqwerty所说，任何HTTP服务器都可以提供HTTP流媒体服务。但你需要在提供服务之前准备好你的媒体文件和清单文件。

以下是一些关于HLS（HTTP Live Streaming）非常重要的链接：

• https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/networkinginternet/conceptual/streamingmediaguide/Introduction/Introduction.html

• https://developer.apple.com/streaming/

• http://features.encoding.com/http-live-streaming-hls/

• https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-12

"What about open source servers. I know these:

- Flumotion: http://www.flumotion.net/ - Gstreamer Server Streaming: http://cgit.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gst-streaming-server/ - Nginx HLS Module: http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_hls_module.html (Only Nginx Plus)

Or you can do like me and use GStreamer for segmenting and make manifest. And finaly I use the Nginx only to serve them.

I hope I helped you a little bit."

- Luiz Fernando

Answer 2

任何可以提供文件服务的HTTP服务器（如apache、nginx、IIS等）都可以通过HTTP“流式传输”媒体。因此，如果您希望，可以保留RED5用于RTMP，并设置一个HTTP服务器来提供相同的文件。

如果您需要单一产品解决方案，您可能需要查看有关协议的信息，例如媒体流基础知识- HTTP vs RTMP。

将nginx-rtmp模块添加到nginx中可能是您正在寻找的解决方案。https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module

- arcyqwerty

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RED5是Flash媒体服务器。iPad设备不支持Flash。 - DIVAKAR SRINIVASAN

arcyqwerty@：有没有可用的开源http媒体服务器？如何通过http流式传输rtmp？有示例吗？ - DIVAKAR SRINIVASAN

好的，你之前提到了RED5作为你目前的解决方案，所以我认为它符合你的要求。我预期iPad会有一些支持RTMP或HTTP流媒体的媒体播放器。 - arcyqwerty

如果RED5不能满足您的需求，可以考虑使用http://obsproject.com/index作为RTMP服务器。Nginx默认支持HTTP（作为Web服务器），我提到的模块应该可以添加RTMP支持。 - arcyqwerty

Answer 3

I use this and it works properly. (Ubuntu 12.04 TLS server)

逐步操作：

sudo apt-get install build-essential libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libssl-dev
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/archive/master.zip
tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
unzip master.zip
cd nginx-1.6.0

./configure --with-http_ssl_module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module-master --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module
make
sudo make install

sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

NGINX配置文件：(/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf)

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

rtmp {
    server {
    listen 1935;
    chunk_size 4000;
    # video on demand for flv files
    application vod {
        play /var/flvs;
    }

    # video on demand for mp4 files
        application vod2 {
        play /var/mp4s;
        }
    }
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  192.168.52.16;
        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        # This URL provides RTMP statistics in XML
        location /stat {
            rtmp_stat all;
            rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
        }

        location /stat.xsl {
            # XML stylesheet to view RTMP stats.
            # Copy stat.xsl wherever you want
            # and put the full directory path here
            root /var/www/;
        }

    location /hls {
        # Serve HLS fragments
        types {
            application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
            video/mp2t ts;
        }
        alias /tmp/app;
        expires -1;
    }

#   location /hds {
#       f4f;    # Use the HDS handler to manage requests
#           # serve content from the following location
#       alias /var/www/video;
#   }

    location /video {
        mp4;
        flv;
        mp4_buffer_size     4M;
        mp4_max_buffer_size 10M;
    }

    location / {
        root   html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
    }
}

保存配置文件并且：

sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

下一步... 创建两个目录：

mkdir /var/flvs
mkdir /var/mp4s

你需要将一个mp4文件复制到mp4s目录中。例如：sample.mp4

最后

sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

尝试：

rtmp://your_server_ip/vod2/sample.mp4

（建议：您可以使用VLC媒体播放器）

或HTML代码

<html>
<head>
    <title>RTMP Video</title>
    <!-- flowplayer javascript component -->
    <script src="http://releases.flowplayer.org/js/flowplayer-3.2.12.min.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="player" style="width:644px;height:480;margin:0 auto;text-align:center">
    <img src="images/background.jpg" height="480" width="644" /></div>
<script>

$f("player", "http://releases.flowplayer.org/swf/flowplayer-3.2.16.swf", {
    clip: {
        url: 'sample.mp4',
        scaling: 'fit',
        provider: 'hddn'
    },

    plugins: {
        hddn: {
            url: "swf/flowplayer.rtmp-3.2.13.swf",

            // netConnectionUrl defines where the streams are found
            netConnectionUrl: 'rtmp://your_server_ip:1935/vod2/'

        }
    },
    canvas: {
        backgroundGradient: 'none'
    }
});
</script>
</body>
</html>

- Zsolt Boszormenyi