如何使用纯JavaScript（无需JQuery）的.appendChild方法添加包含多个文本输入框的div？

Question

如何使用纯JavaScript（无需JQuery）的.appendChild方法添加包含多个文本输入框的div？

javascriptdom-manipulation

4

我正在进行一项实验，试图制作一个动态联系表单。目标是让用户通过点击按钮添加和移除地址，并指示其类型。

我注意到使用 innerHTML 时，已经包含值的表单在每次使用新的添加或移除时都会丢失其值。这似乎是 innerHTML 的本质，(此答案帮助我了解了问题所在，并指出了 appendChild)。

然而，我不知道如何添加一个复杂的元素，例如包含多个文本输入和一个按钮的 <div>。有没有办法实现与我正在做的相同的效果，或者在不使用 JQuery 的情况下防止其他表格丢失输入值？

我已经尝试为此创建了一个 MCVE，这里是它，还附带了 JS Fiddle 以节省时间。

工作的 JS Fiddle 在这里：JSFiddle

var targetOutput = document.getElementById("myForm");
var addressOutput = document.getElementById("addresses");
var requiredAddress = 1;

addressRemoveButton = `<input type="button" value="Remove" name="address" onclick="removeDiv(this)">`;
addressMolecule = `<div class="content"><label>Type:</label>&#9;&#9;<input type="text" name="address['type'][]"><br>
                <label>Address Line 1:</label><input type="text" name="address['line1'][]"><br>
                <label>Address Line 2:</label><input type="text" name="address['line2'][]"><br>
                <label>City:</label><input type="text" name="address['city'][]"><br>
                <label>State:</label><input type="text" name="address['state'][]"><br>
                <label>Zipcode:</label><input type="text" name="address['zipcode'][]"><br>`

window.onload = function(event) {
  myFun('window');
}

function myFun(a) {
  var i;
  for (i = 0; i < requiredAddress; i++) {
    addAddress(false);

    //alert("Max: " + maxAddress + "Current: " + addressCount);
  }
}

function removeDiv(e) {
  e.parentNode.removeChild(e.previousSibling);
  e.parentNode.removeChild(e);
}

function addAddress(removable = true) {
  addressOutput.innerHTML += addressMolecule;
  if (removable == true) {
    addressOutput.innerHTML += addressRemoveButton;
  }
  addressOutput.innerHTML += `</div>`;
}

<body onload="myFun('body')">
  <form name="myForm" id="myForm">
    <div id="addresses">
      <input type="button" id="addressButton" value="Add More" name="address" onclick="addAddress()">
    </div>
  </form>
</body>

- user10257507

1个回答

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可以查看英文原文，
原文链接

- CertainPerformance · Accepted Answer

如果您想插入另一个HTML字符串而不使现有容器丢失其数据，请使用insertAdjacentHTML：

addressOutput.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', addressMolecule);

var targetOutput = document.getElementById("myForm");
var addressOutput = document.getElementById("addresses");
var requiredAddress = 1;

addressRemoveButton = `<input type="button" value="Remove" name="address" onclick="removeDiv(this)">`;
addressMolecule = `<div class="content"><label>Type:</label>&#9;&#9;<input type="text" name="address['type'][]"><br>
            <label>Address Line 1:</label><input type="text" name="address['line1'][]"><br>
            <label>Address Line 2:</label><input type="text" name="address['line2'][]"><br>
            <label>City:</label><input type="text" name="address['city'][]"><br>
            <label>State:</label><input type="text" name="address['state'][]"><br>
            <label>Zipcode:</label><input type="text" name="address['zipcode'][]"><br>`

window.onload = function(event) {
  myFun('window');
}

function myFun(a) {
  var i;
  for (i = 0; i < requiredAddress; i++) {
    addAddress(false);

    //alert("Max: " + maxAddress + "Current: " + addressCount);
  }
}

function removeDiv(e) {
  e.parentNode.removeChild(e.previousSibling);
  e.parentNode.removeChild(e);
}

function addAddress(removable = true) {
  addressOutput.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', addressMolecule);
  if (removable == true) {
    addressOutput.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', addressRemoveButton);
  }
  addressOutput.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `</div>`);
}

<body onload="return myFun('body')">
  <form name="myForm" id="myForm">

    <div id="addresses">

      <input type="button" id="addressButton" value="Add More" name="address" onclick="addAddress()">
    </div>

  </form>
</body>

正如您所指出的，最好使用appendChild。创建一个div，填充所需的HTML内容，并将其附加到容器中：

function addAddress(removable = true) {
  const newDiv = document.createElement('div');
  newDiv.className = 'content';
  newDiv.innerHTML = addressMolecule; 
  addressOutput.appendChild(newDiv);
  if (removable) {
    const button = addressOutput.appendChild(document.createElement('button'));
    button.outerHTML = addressRemoveButton;
  }
}

var targetOutput = document.getElementById("myForm");
var addressOutput = document.getElementById("addresses");
var requiredAddress = 1;

addressRemoveButton = `<input type="button" value="Remove" name="address" onclick="removeDiv(this)">`;
addressMolecule = `<label>Type:</label>&#9;&#9;<input type="text" name="address['type'][]"><br>
            <label>Address Line 1:</label><input type="text" name="address['line1'][]"><br>
            <label>Address Line 2:</label><input type="text" name="address['line2'][]"><br>
            <label>City:</label><input type="text" name="address['city'][]"><br>
            <label>State:</label><input type="text" name="address['state'][]"><br>
            <label>Zipcode:</label><input type="text" name="address['zipcode'][]"><br>`

window.onload = function(event) {
  myFun('window');
}

function myFun(a) {
  var i;
  for (i = 0; i < requiredAddress; i++) {
    addAddress(false);

    //alert("Max: " + maxAddress + "Current: " + addressCount);
  }
}

function removeDiv(e) {
  e.parentNode.removeChild(e.previousSibling);
  e.parentNode.removeChild(e);
}

function addAddress(removable = true) {
  const newDiv = document.createElement('div');
  newDiv.className = 'content';
  newDiv.innerHTML = addressMolecule; 
  addressOutput.appendChild(newDiv);
  if (removable) {
    const button = addressOutput.appendChild(document.createElement('button'));
    button.outerHTML = addressRemoveButton;
  }
}

<body onload="return myFun('body')">
  <form name="myForm" id="myForm">

    <div id="addresses">

      <input type="button" id="addressButton" value="Add More" name="address" onclick="addAddress()">
    </div>

  </form>
</body>