如何在Python中跳出2个循环？

Question

一定有更好的方法来解决这个问题... 你有什么想法吗？ 这是一个 CS1 的基本二十一点游戏。

让我困扰的两个主要问题：

1. 如何两次跳出循环？例如，庄家赢了，然后它会问“停止还是继续？” 因为现在轮到玩家了。
2. 代码中有许多复制粘贴的部分，它们看起来非常糟糕。

谢谢！任何帮助都将不胜感激。

import random
import sys
# game, hand, deck


class Deck:
    theDeck = []
    card = 0

    def createDeck(self):
        for x in range(2, 15):
            for y in range(1, 5):
                self.theDeck.append(x)

    def extractCard(self):
        card = self.theDeck.pop(random.randrange(1, len(self.theDeck) - 1))
        return card


class Game:
    dealerTotal = [0, 0]
    playerTotal = 0
    deck = Deck()
    deck.createDeck()

    def reset(self):
        self.dealerTotal = [0, 0]
        self.playerTotal = 0

    def dealerEnd(self):
        if self.dealerTotal[0] == 21 or self.dealerTotal[1] == 21:
            print("BLACKJACK! Game over.\n\nDEALER'S TURN")
            self.reset()
            return True    
        elif self.dealerTotal[0] > 21 and self.dealerTotal[1] > 21:
            print("PLAYER WINS! Game over.\n\nDEALER'S TURN")
            self.reset()
            return True
        return False

    def playerEnd(self):
        if self.playerTotal == 21:
            print("BLACKJACK! Game over.\n\nDEALER'S TURN")
            self.reset()
            return True
        elif self.playerTotal > 21:
            print("DEALER WINS! Game over.\n\nDEALER'S TURN")
            self.reset()
            return True
        return False

    def dealerChangeTotal(self,hold):
        self.dealerTotal[0] += hold
        self.dealerTotal[1] += hold
        print("Total ::"), self.dealerTotal
        self.dealerEnd()

    def playerChangeTotal(self,hold):
        self.playerTotal += hold
        print("Total ::"), self.playerTotal
        self.playerEnd()

    def play(self):
        while len(self.deck.theDeck) > 0:

            print("DEALER'S TURN")
            if self.dealerTotal[0] >= 16 or self.dealerTotal[1] >= 16:
                print("I can't take. Your go.")
            while self.dealerTotal[0] < 16 or self.dealerTotal[1] < 16:
                hold = self.deck.extractCard()
                if hold == 14:
                    print("Card :: ace")
                    self.dealerTotal[0] += 1
                    self.dealerTotal[1] += 11
                    print("Total ::"), self.dealerTotal
                    if self.dealerEnd() == True:
                        break
                elif hold == 13:
                    hold = 10
                    print("Card :: king")
                    self.dealerChangeTotal(hold)
                    if self.dealerEnd() == True:
                        break
                elif hold == 12:
                    hold = 10
                    print("Card :: queen")
                    self.dealerChangeTotal(hold)
                    if self.dealerEnd() == True:
                        break
                elif hold == 11:
                    hold = 10
                    print("Card :: jack")
                    self.dealerChangeTotal(hold)
                    if self.dealerEnd() == True:
                        break
                else:
                    print("Card ::"), hold
                    self.dealerChangeTotal(hold)
                    if self.dealerEnd() == True:
                        break

            print("\n\nPLAYER'S TURN")
            while True:
                hold = self.deck.extractCard()
                if hold == 14:
                    print("Card :: ace")
                    self.playerTotal += input("Do you want a 1 or an 11? ")
                    print("Total ::"), self.playerTotal
                    response = raw_input("Stand or hit? ")
                    if response == "stand":
                        break
                    if self.playerEnd() == True:
                        break
                elif hold == 13:
                    hold = 10
                    print("Card :: king")
                    self.playerChangeTotal(hold)
                    response = raw_input("Stand or hit? ")
                    if response == "stand":
                        break
                    if self.playerEnd() == True:
                        break
                elif hold == 12:
                    hold = 10
                    print("Card :: queen")
                    self.playerChangeTotal(hold)
                    response = raw_input("Stand or hit? ")
                    if response == "stand":
                        break
                    if self.playerEnd() == True:
                        break
                elif hold == 11:
                    hold = 10
                    print("Card :: jack")
                    self.playerChangeTotal(hold)
                    response = raw_input("Stand or hit? ")
                    if response == "stand":
                        break
                    if self.playerEnd() == True:
                        break
                else:
                    print("Card ::"), hold
                    self.playerChangeTotal(hold)
                    response = raw_input("Stand or hit? ")
                    if response == "stand":
                        break
                    if self.playerEnd() == True:
                        break


            print("\n\n")

#... Main?
game = Game()
game.play()

- maria

---

为什么不将这个程序分解成可重用的函数和/或对象，而不是使用多个循环结构和复制粘贴的代码呢？ - James Mills

Answer 1

在外层循环开始时创建一个标记，将其设为FALSE... 然后在内层循环中，必要时将其设置为TRUE以跳出2个循环，这样你就可以跳出内层循环了。在外层循环中检查标记，如果为true，则退出此外层循环。

while ...:
    flag = 0
    while ...:
        #  point where you want 2 loops to break
        flag = 1
        break
        
    # break out of this too :P
    if flag == 1:
        break

- Umair Ayub