不，更新ChromeDriver的二进制版本是唯一的选择，因为Chrome浏览器会自动更新。
每个Chrome浏览器在某些功能添加、修改和删除后发布。为了符合当前的浏览器特性，Chrome团队会定期发布兼容的ChromeDriver二进制文件。这些ChromeDriver二进制文件能够与Chrome浏览器进行交互。以下是某些版本ChromeDriver二进制文件支持的特定范围Chrome浏览器版本（近期的部分）：
ChromeDriver v84.0.4147.30 (2020-05-28)
Supports Chrome version 84
ChromeDriver v83.0.4103.39 (2020-05-05)
Supports Chrome version 83
ChromeDriver v82 was intensionally skipped.
ChromeDriver v81.0.4044.138 (2020-05-05)
Supports Chrome version 81
ChromeDriver v80.0.3987.106 (2020-02-13)
Supports Chrome version 80
ChromeDriver v79.0.3945.36 (2019-11-18)
Supports Chrome version 79
ChromeDriver v78.0.3904.70 (2019-10-21)
Supports Chrome version 78
ChromeDriver v77.0.3865.40 (2019-08-20)
Supports Chrome version 77
ChromeDriver v76.0.3809.126 (2019-08-20)
Supports Chrome version 76
ChromeDriver v75.0.3770.8 (2019-04-29)
Supports Chrome version 75
ChromeDriver v74.0.3729.6 (2019-03-14)
Supports Chrome version 74
ChromeDriver v73.0.3683.68 (2019-03-06)
Supports Chrome version 73
ChromeDriver v2.46 (2019-02-01)
Supports Chrome v71-73
ChromeDriver v2.45 (2018-12-10)
Supports Chrome v70-72
ChromeDriver v2.44 (2018-11-19)
Supports Chrome v69-71
ChromeDriver v2.43 (2018-10-16)
Supports Chrome v69-71
ChromeDriver v2.42 (2018-09-13)
Supports Chrome v68-70
ChromeDriver v2.41 (2018-07-27)
Supports Chrome v67-69
ChromeDriver v2.40 (2018-06-07)
Supports Chrome v66-68
ChromeDriver v2.39 (2018-05-30)
Supports Chrome v66-68
ChromeDriver v2.38 (2018-04-17)
Supports Chrome v65-67
ChromeDriver v2.37 (2018-03-16)
Supports Chrome v64-66
ChromeDriver v2.36 (2018-03-02)
Supports Chrome v63-65
ChromeDriver v2.35 (2018-01-10)
Supports Chrome v62-64
ChromeDriver v2.34 (2017-12-10)
Supports Chrome v61-63
ChromeDriver v2.33 (2017-10-03)
Supports Chrome v60-62
ChromeDriver v2.32 (2017-08-30)
Supports Chrome v59-61
ChromeDriver v2.31 (2017-07-21)
Supports Chrome v58-60
ChromeDriver v2.30 (2017-06-07)
Supports Chrome v58-60
ChromeDriver v2.29 (2017-04-04)
Supports Chrome v56-58
为了保持您的脚本/程序与更新的Chrome浏览器交互，您必须根据兼容性将ChromeDriver二进制版本与Chrome浏览器同步。
我正在使用一个对我有效的库。
https://pypi.org/project/chromedriver-autoinstaller/
项目描述
chromedriver-autoinstaller 自动下载并安装支持当前已安装版本的chrome浏览器驱动程序。该安装程序支持Linux、MacOS和Windows操作系统。
安装
pip install chromedriver-autoinstaller
例子
from selenium import webdriver
import chromedriver_autoinstaller
chromedriver_autoinstaller.install() # Check if the current version of chromedriver exists
# and if it doesn't exist, download it automatically,
# then add chromedriver to path
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://www.python.org")
assert "Python" in driver.title
编辑。我也像@ATJ所评论的那样使用选项，但是用于定义Chrome的binary_location()而不是CHROMEDRIVER_PATH。 事实上，我喜欢这个扩展中的一件事情是不需要指定路径，因为它已经照顾好了。在使用它之前，我曾经浪费时间去放路径，搜索它的位置，在项目文件夹或系统路径文件夹中放驱动程序的副本。
我还使用这个快速代码创建了一个模板来使用Selenium，我使用它打开新文件，然后继续。 就是这样:
import chromedriver_autoinstaller
from selenium import webdriver
chromedriver_autoinstaller.install()
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.binary_location = ('C:\\Program Files\\Google\\Chrome\\Application\\chrome.exe')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
还有这个快速脚本，在新电脑上第一次使用时可以在终端上运行。
import os
os.system("pip install selenium ")
os.system("pip install chromedriver_autoinstaller ")
-我的模板的实际完整版本（留下注释可以更快地减少重复工作，取消注释可以使其更少依赖）
import chromedriver_autoinstaller
from selenium import webdriver
#from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
# import os
# # to use when 1st time on the machine and then leave comented
# os.system("pip install selenium ")
# os.system("pip install chromedriver_autoinstaller ")
chromedriver_autoinstaller.install()
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.headless = False
options.binary_location = ('C:\\Program Files\\Google\\Chrome\\Application\\chrome.exe')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
编辑2 - 我的模板实际完整版本（带二进制文件位置）。 我刚刚测试了此代码与二进制文件位置一起使用也可以正常工作。不知道为什么以前不起作用，这个位置是默认设置，除非用户在安装 Chrome 时更改了它。现在重新访问它是好事，因为我刚刚省去了所有将来使用它时的一行代码。
import chromedriver_autoinstaller
from selenium import webdriver
#from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
# import os
# # to use when 1st time on the machine and then leave comented
# os.system("pip install selenium ")
# os.system("pip install chromedriver_autoinstaller ")
chromedriver_autoinstaller.install()
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.headless = False
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
对于Ubuntu/Linux操作系统：
只需使用以下内容即可更新至最新版本：https://dev59.com/OlYM5IYBdhLWcg3wlQ7I#57306360
version=$(curl -s https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/LATEST_RELEASE)
wget -qP "/tmp/" "https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/${version}/chromedriver_linux64.zip"
sudo unzip -o /tmp/chromedriver_linux64.zip -d /usr/bin
如果需要更新Chrome，请访问以下链接：https://superuser.com/questions/130260/how-to-update-google-chrome-in-ubuntu
sudo apt-get --only-upgrade install google-chrome-stable
pip install --upgrade --force-reinstall chromedriver-binary-auto
可以的。
问题是：“如何在 Python selenium 中使用特定版本的 ChromeDriver，而 Chrome 浏览器会自动更新”。
正如你所指出的那样，Chrome 浏览器会自动更新。如果 ChromeDriver 是计算机上一个特定版本 Chrome 浏览器的静态文件，这意味着每次浏览器更新时都需要下载新的 ChromeDriver。
幸运的是，也有一种方法可以自动更新 ChromeDriver！
你可以使用 webdrive-manager 自动使用正确的 chromedriver。
安装 webdrive-manager：
pip install webdriver-manager
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
driver = webdriver.Chrome(ChromeDriverManager().install())
您可以使用以下shell脚本确保下载正确的Chrome驱动程序版本。您可以在Python中执行类似的操作使其工作，但您可以了解如何朝着解决此问题的方向前进。
%sh
#downloading compatible chrome driver version
#getting the current chrome browser version
**chromeVersion=$(google-chrome --product-version)**
#getting the major version value from the full version
**chromeMajorVersion=${chromeVersion%%.*}**
# setting the base url for getting the release url for the chrome driver
**baseDriverLatestReleaseURL=https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/LATEST_RELEASE_**
#creating the latest release driver url based on the major version of the chrome
**latestDriverReleaseURL=$baseDriverLatestReleaseURL$chromeMajorVersion**
**echo $latestDriverReleaseURL**
#file name of the file that gets downloaded which would contain the full version of the chrome driver to download
**latestDriverVersionFileName="LATEST_RELEASE_"$chromeMajorVersion**
#downloading the file that would contain the full release version compatible with the major release of the chrome browser version
**wget $latestDriverReleaseURL**
#reading the file to get the version of the chrome driver that we should download
**latestFullDriverVersion=$(cat $latestDriverVersionFileName)**
**echo $latestFullDriverVersion**
#creating the final URL by passing the compatible version of the chrome driver that we should download
**finalURL="https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/"$latestFullDriverVersion"/chromedriver_linux64.zip"**
**echo $finalURL**
**wget $finalURL**
这是我的构建（还使用来自另一个stackoverflow线程的一些预写代码），它可能适用于您。我每次都将我的脚本设置为从全局驱动程序脚本运行，以确保它使用正确的ChromeDriver.exe文件。
但是，您需要首先确保在遇到此问题之前安装了新驱动程序，这些脚本将自动下载最新版本/查找最新版本的ChromeDriver并将其下载到新的文件夹位置。仅在Chrome版本已更新后才会使用新的文件夹位置。如果浏览器版本的chrome更新，chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com上没有可用版本，则脚本应该优雅地失败。
我在我的os路径中设置了四个脚本，以便我可以全局访问我的驱动程序。以下是我用于更新浏览器的脚本。
希望这有意义。
干杯！ Matt
-- getFileProperties.py --
# as per https://dev59.com/Z3RB5IYBdhLWcg3wl4EP
import win32api
#==============================================================================
def getFileProperties(fname):
#==============================================================================
"""
Read all properties of the given file return them as a dictionary.
"""
propNames = ('Comments', 'InternalName', 'ProductName',
'CompanyName', 'LegalCopyright', 'ProductVersion',
'FileDescription', 'LegalTrademarks', 'PrivateBuild',
'FileVersion', 'OriginalFilename', 'SpecialBuild')
props = {'FixedFileInfo': None, 'StringFileInfo': None, 'FileVersion': None}
try:
# backslash as parm returns dictionary of numeric info corresponding to VS_FIXEDFILEINFO struc
fixedInfo = win32api.GetFileVersionInfo(fname, '\\')
props['FixedFileInfo'] = fixedInfo
props['FileVersion'] = "%d.%d.%d.%d" % (fixedInfo['FileVersionMS'] / 65536,
fixedInfo['FileVersionMS'] % 65536, fixedInfo['FileVersionLS'] / 65536,
fixedInfo['FileVersionLS'] % 65536)
# \VarFileInfo\Translation returns list of available (language, codepage)
# pairs that can be used to retreive string info. We are using only the first pair.
lang, codepage = win32api.GetFileVersionInfo(fname, '\\VarFileInfo\\Translation')[0]
# any other must be of the form \StringfileInfo\%04X%04X\parm_name, middle
# two are language/codepage pair returned from above
strInfo = {}
for propName in propNames:
strInfoPath = u'\\StringFileInfo\\%04X%04X\\%s' % (lang, codepage, propName)
## print str_info
strInfo[propName] = win32api.GetFileVersionInfo(fname, strInfoPath)
props['StringFileInfo'] = strInfo
except:
pass
return props
-- ChromeVersion.py --
from getFileProperties import *
chrome_browser = #'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Google\\Chrome\\Application\\chrome.exe' -- ENTER YOUR Chrome.exe filepath
cb_dictionary = getFileProperties(chrome_browser) # returns whole string of version (ie. 76.0.111)
chrome_browser_version = cb_dictionary['FileVersion'][:2] # substring version to capabable version (ie. 77 / 76)
nextVersion = str(int(chrome_browser_version) +1) # grabs the next version of the chrome browser
lastVersion = str(int(chrome_browser_version) -1) # grabs the last version of the chrome browser
-- ChromeDriverAutomation.py --
from ChromeVersion import chrome_browser_version, nextVersion, lastVersion
driverName = "\\chromedriver.exe"
# defining base file directory of chrome drivers
driver_loc = #"C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python37-32\\ChromeDriver\\" -- ENTER the file path of your exe
# -- I created a separate folder to house the versions of chromedriver, previous versions will be deleted after downloading the newest version.
# ie. version 75 will be deleted after 77 has been downloaded.
# defining the file path of your exe file automatically updating based on your browsers current version of chrome.
currentPath = driver_loc + chrome_browser_version + driverName
# check file directories to see if chrome drivers exist in nextVersion
import os.path
# check if new version of drive exists --> only continue if it doesn't
Newpath = driver_loc + nextVersion
# check if we have already downloaded the newest version of the browser, ie if we have version 76, and have already downloaded a version of 77, we don't need to run any more of the script.
newfileloc = Newpath + driverName
exists = os.path.exists(newfileloc)
if (exists == False):
#open chrome driver and attempt to download new chrome driver exe file.
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import time
chrome_options = Options()
executable_path = currentPath
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=executable_path, options=chrome_options)
# opening up url of chromedriver to get new version of chromedriver.
chromeDriverURL = 'https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=' + nextVersion
driver.get(chromeDriverURL)
time.sleep(5)
# find records of table rows
table = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector('tr')
# check the length of the table
Table_len = len(table)
# ensure that table length is greater than 4, else fail. -- table length of 4 is default when there are no availble updates
if (Table_len > 4 ):
# define string value of link
rowText = table[(len(table)-2)].text[:6]
time.sleep(1)
# select the value of the row
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[contains(text(),' + '"' + str(rowText) + '"'+')]').click()
time.sleep(1)
#select chromedriver zip for windows
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[contains(text(),' + '"' + "win32" + '"'+')]').click()
time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()
from zipfile import ZipFile
import shutil
fileName = #r"C:\Users\Administrator\Downloads\chromedriver_win32.zip" --> enter your download path here.
# Create a ZipFile Object and load sample.zip in it
with ZipFile(fileName, 'r') as zipObj:
# Extract all the contents of zip file in different directory
zipObj.extractall(Newpath)
# delete downloaded file
os.remove(fileName)
# defining old chrome driver location
oldPath = driver_loc + lastVersion
oldpathexists = os.path.exists(oldPath)
# this deletes the old folder with the older version of chromedriver in it (version 75, once 77 has been downloaded)
if(oldpathexists == True):
shutil.rmtree(oldPath, ignore_errors=True)
exit()