WordPress：自定义文章类型的功能

Question

WordPress：自定义文章类型的功能

15

我正在编写一个插件，用于创建自定义的 post_type。我希望该插件还可以创建一个自定义的用户角色，该角色只能添加/编辑/删除新的 post_type。我尝试了几个插件（Role Scoper、Advanced Access manager），它们允许我重新定义或创建新的角色，但是它们不允许我为新的 post_type 分配特定的权限。例如，我想要允许添加/编辑我的新 post_type，但不允许添加/编辑普通的文章/页面。

据我所知，我可以使用 add_role() 函数添加新的用户角色。该函数的参数之一是一个“capabilities”数组，这些“capabilities”似乎在这里定义。我认为我需要做的是能够添加特定于我的 post_type 的权限。这是否可能？

- emersonthis

2个回答

21

现在（WP 3.5+），这变得更加容易了。只需将map_meta_cap参数设置为TRUE，并在注册文章类型时选择一个string（通常是文章类型名称）作为capability_type参数。

一个简单的var_dump( $GLOBALS['wp_post_types']['new_custom_post_type'] ) );会显示以下内容。

[cap] => stdClass Object
(
    [edit_post]      => "edit_{$capability_type}"
    [read_post]      => "read_{$capability_type}"
    [delete_post]        => "delete_{$capability_type}"
    [edit_posts]         => "edit_{$capability_type}s"
    [edit_others_posts]  => "edit_others_{$capability_type}s"
    [publish_posts]      => "publish_{$capability_type}s"
    [read_private_posts]     => "read_private_{$capability_type}s"
        [delete_posts]           => "delete_{$capability_type}s"
        [delete_private_posts]   => "delete_private_{$capability_type}s"
        [delete_published_posts] => "delete_published_{$capability_type}s"
        [delete_others_posts]    => "delete_others_{$capability_type}s"
        [edit_private_posts]     => "edit_private_{$capability_type}s"
        [edit_published_posts]   => "edit_published_{$capability_type}s"
)

更多意图的数组部分是七个其他原始能力，这些能力未经核心检查，但在文章类型注册期间由map_meta_caps()映射。

- kaiser

6

对于那些仍在学习的新手，将map_meta_cap设置为true并将capability_type设置为您的内容类型，将自动生成所需的功能，因此您不必指定它们。 - Ben

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- Johannes Pille · Accepted Answer

自定义文章类型的功能

register_post_type() 函数接受一个$capabilities数组作为其中一个（可选）参数。

它可能看起来像这样：

$capabilities = array(
    'publish_posts' => 'publish_ypts',
    'edit_posts' => 'edit_ypts',
    'edit_others_posts' => 'edit_others_ypts',
    'delete_posts' => 'delete_ypts',
    'delete_others_posts' => 'delete_others_ypts',
    'read_private_posts' => 'read_private_ypts',
    'edit_post' => 'edit_ypt',
    'delete_post' => 'delete_ypt',
    'read_post' => 'read_ypt'
);

"ypt" 代表 "您的文章类型"。

之后，您可以为 WordPress 添加一个新角色，该角色具有这些确切的功能（可能还包括一些标准 WordPress 功能）：

add_role(
    'ypt_author',
    'Author of your post type',
    array(
        'publish_ypts' => true,
        'edit_ypts' => true,
        'edit_others_ypts' => true,
        'delete_ypts' => true,
        'delete_others_ypts' => true,
        'read_private_ypts' => true,
        'edit_ypt' => true,
        'delete_ypt' => true,
        'read_ypt' => true,
        // more standard capabilities here
    )
);

使用插件可以实现后者，例如，查看Justin Tadlock的Members插件。

详细示例

为了给您提供更具体的示例：

/* REGISTER POST TYPE */

add_action('init', 'ypt_register');

function ypt_register()
{

    $labels = array(
        'name' => _x('YPTs', 'post type general name'),
        'singular_name' => _x('YPT', 'post type singular name'),
        'add_new' => _x('Add New YPT', 'Team item'),
        'add_new_item' => __('Add a new post of type YPT'),
        'edit_item' => __('Edit YPT'),
        'new_item' => __('New YPT'),
        'view_item' => __('View YPT'),
        'search_items' => __('Search YPTs'),
        'not_found' =>  __('No YPTs found'),
        'not_found_in_trash' => __('No YPTs currently trashed'),
        'parent_item_colon' => ''
    );

    $capabilities = array(
        // this is where the first code block from above goes
    );

    $args = array(
        'labels' => $labels,
        'public' => true,
        'publicly_queryable' => true,
        'show_ui' => true,
        'query_var' => true,
        'rewrite' => true,
        'capability_type' => 'ypt',
        'capabilities' => $capabilities,
        'hierarchical' => false,
        'menu_position' => null,
        'supports' => array( 'title', 'author', 'thumbnail' )
    ); 

    register_post_type( 'ypt' , $args );

    flush_rewrite_rules( false );
}


/* MAP META CAPABILITIES */

add_filter( 'map_meta_cap', 'ypt_map_meta_cap', 10, 4 );

function ypt_map_meta_cap( $caps, $cap, $user_id, $args )
{

    if ( 'edit_ypt' == $cap || 'delete_ypt' == $cap || 'read_ypt' == $cap ) {
        $post = get_post( $args[0] );
        $post_type = get_post_type_object( $post->post_type );
        $caps = array();
    }

    if ( 'edit_ypt' == $cap ) {
        if ( $user_id == $post->post_author )
            $caps[] = $post_type->cap->edit_posts;
        else
            $caps[] = $post_type->cap->edit_others_posts;
    }

    elseif ( 'delete_ypt' == $cap ) {
        if ( $user_id == $post->post_author )
            $caps[] = $post_type->cap->delete_posts;
        else
            $caps[] = $post_type->cap->delete_others_posts;
    }

    elseif ( 'read_ypt' == $cap ) {
        if ( 'private' != $post->post_status )
            $caps[] = 'read';
        elseif ( $user_id == $post->post_author )
            $caps[] = 'read';
        else
            $caps[] = $post_type->cap->read_private_posts;
    }

    return $caps;
}