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在web.config中设置多个SMTP设置？

c#web-configsmtpmailsettings
39

我正在开发一个需要动态/编程方式知道并使用不同SMTP设置来发送电子邮件的应用程序。

我习惯于使用system.net/mailSettings方法，但据我所知，这只允许一次同时定义一个SMTP连接，由SmtpClient()使用。

然而，我需要更像connectionStrings一样的方法，可以根据关键字/名称提取一组设置。

有什么建议吗？我愿意跳过传统的SmtpClient/mailSettings方法，我认为我必须这样做...

8个回答
69

我需要根据环境（开发、测试和生产）在web.config中使用不同的smtp配置。

这是我最终使用的方法：

在web.config中：

<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <sectionGroup name="mailSettings">
      <section name="smtp_1" type="System.Net.Configuration.SmtpSection"/>
      <section name="smtp_2" type="System.Net.Configuration.SmtpSection"/>
      <section name="smtp_3" type="System.Net.Configuration.SmtpSection"/>
    </sectionGroup>
  </configSections>
  <mailSettings>
    <smtp_1 deliveryMethod="Network" from="mail1@temp.uri">
      <network host="..." defaultCredentials="false"/>
    </smtp_1>
    <smtp_2 deliveryMethod="Network" from="mail2@temp.uri">
      <network host="1..." defaultCredentials="false"/>
    </smtp_2>
    <smtp_3 deliveryMethod="Network" from="mail3@temp.uri">
      <network host="..." defaultCredentials="false"/>
    </smtp_3>
  </mailSettings>
</configuration>

然后在代码中：

return (SmtpSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mailSettings/smtp_1");
return (SmtpSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mailSettings/smtp_2");
return (SmtpSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mailSettings/smtp_3");
Miko和@alphadog，你们的回答似乎适用于我遇到的类似情况，但我不知道如何使用Mikko在他的答案中指定的代码"return (SmtpSection)...."。你能详细说明一下吗？虽然可能不太合适，但我打算创建一个"Answer"，而不是在SO上提出新问题。 - REMESQ
23
@Mikko，你的代码没有很好地解释。如何使用返回的SmtpSection？ - Tomas
26
SmtpSection smtpSection =  (SmtpSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mailSettings/smtp_1");

SmtpClient smtpClient = new SmtpClient(smtpSection.Network.Host, smtpSection.Network.Port);
smtpClient.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(smtpSection.Network.UserName, smtpSection.Network.Password);
只是额外的帮助：您需要声明System.Net.Configuration命名空间才能使用SmtpSection。还需要System.Net来使用NetworkCredential。 - Gautam Jain
“from”字段怎么样？ - talles
17

这是我如何使用它，对我来说运行良好（设置与Mikko的答案类似）：

  1. 首先设置配置部分：

<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <sectionGroup name="mailSettings">
      <section name="default" type="System.Net.Configuration.SmtpSection" />
      <section name="mailings" type="System.Net.Configuration.SmtpSection" />
      <section name="partners" type="System.Net.Configuration.SmtpSection" />
    </sectionGroup>
  </configSections>
<mailSettings>
  <default deliveryMethod="Network">
    <network host="smtp1.test.org" port="587" enableSsl="true"
           userName="test" password="test"/>
  </default>
  <mailings deliveryMethod="Network">
    <network host="smtp2.test.org" port="587" enableSsl="true"
           userName="test" password="test"/>
  </mailings>
<partners deliveryMethod="Network">
  <network host="smtp3.test.org" port="587" enableSsl="true"
           userName="test" password="test"/>
</partners>

  • 那么最好创建一个包装器。请注意，下面的大部分代码都来自于.NET的SmtpClient源代码这里

    • public class CustomSmtpClient
{
    private readonly SmtpClient _smtpClient;

    public CustomSmtpClient(string sectionName = "default")
    {
        SmtpSection section = (SmtpSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mailSettings/" + sectionName);

        _smtpClient = new SmtpClient();

        if (section != null)
        {
            if (section.Network != null)
            {
                _smtpClient.Host = section.Network.Host;
                _smtpClient.Port = section.Network.Port;
                _smtpClient.UseDefaultCredentials = section.Network.DefaultCredentials;

                _smtpClient.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(section.Network.UserName, section.Network.Password, section.Network.ClientDomain);
                _smtpClient.EnableSsl = section.Network.EnableSsl;

                if (section.Network.TargetName != null)
                    _smtpClient.TargetName = section.Network.TargetName;
            }

            _smtpClient.DeliveryMethod = section.DeliveryMethod;
            if (section.SpecifiedPickupDirectory != null && section.SpecifiedPickupDirectory.PickupDirectoryLocation != null)
                _smtpClient.PickupDirectoryLocation = section.SpecifiedPickupDirectory.PickupDirectoryLocation;
        }
    }

    public void Send(MailMessage message)
    {
        _smtpClient.Send(message);
    }

    }

  • 然后只需发送电子邮件：

    new CustomSmtpClient("mailings").Send(new MailMessage())

    • 3
    这可能会帮助到某些人，但如果您在寻找适用于多个SMTP配置的Mandrill设置，则我最终创建了一个继承自SmtpClient类的类，遵循这位朋友的代码，非常好：https://github.com/iurisilvio/mandrill-smtp.NET。请保留HTML标记。
        /// <summary>
/// Overrides the default SMTP Client class to go ahead and default the host and port to Mandrills goodies.
/// </summary>
public class MandrillSmtpClient : SmtpClient
{

    public MandrillSmtpClient( string smtpUsername, string apiKey, string host = "smtp.mandrillapp.com", int port = 587 )
        : base( host, port )
    {

        this.Credentials = new NetworkCredential( smtpUsername, apiKey );

        this.EnableSsl = true;
    }
}

    以下是如何调用此功能的示例：
            [Test]
    public void SendMandrillTaggedEmail()
    {

        string SMTPUsername = _config( "MandrillSMTP_Username" );
        string APIKey = _config( "MandrillSMTP_Password" );

        using( var client = new MandrillSmtpClient( SMTPUsername, APIKey ) ) {

            MandrillMailMessage message = new MandrillMailMessage() 
            { 
                From = new MailAddress( _config( "FromEMail" ) ) 
            };

            string to = _config( "ValidToEmail" );

            message.To.Add( to );

            message.MandrillHeader.PreserveRecipients = false;

            message.MandrillHeader.Tracks.Add( ETrack.opens );
            message.MandrillHeader.Tracks.Add( ETrack.clicks_all );

            message.MandrillHeader.Tags.Add( "NewsLetterSignup" );
            message.MandrillHeader.Tags.Add( "InTrial" );
            message.MandrillHeader.Tags.Add( "FreeContest" );


            message.Subject = "Test message 3";

            message.Body = "love, love, love";

            client.Send( message );
        }
    }
    2

    当您准备发送邮件时，只需传入相关详细信息，并将所有这些设置存储在您的应用程序设置或web.config中。例如，在web.config中创建不同的AppSettings（如“EmailUsername1”等），然后可以完全分别调用它们：

            System.Net.Mail.MailMessage mail = null;
        System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient smtp = null;

        mail = new System.Net.Mail.MailMessage();

        //set the addresses
        mail.From = new System.Net.Mail.MailAddress(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Email1"]);
        mail.To.Add("someone@example.com");

        mail.Subject = "The secret to the universe";
        mail.Body = "42";

        //send the message
        smtp = new System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["YourSMTPServer"]);

        //to authenticate, set the username and password properites on the SmtpClient
        smtp.Credentials = new System.Net.NetworkCredential(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["EmailUsername1"], System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["EmailPassword1"]);
        smtp.UseDefaultCredentials = false;
        smtp.Port = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["EmailSMTPPort"];
        smtp.EnableSsl = false;

        smtp.Send(mail);
    1

    我有同样的需求，标记的答案对我有用。

    我在这里做了一些更改：

    web.config:

          <configSections>
        <sectionGroup name="mailSettings2">
          <section name="noreply" type="System.Net.Configuration.SmtpSection"/>
        </sectionGroup>
        <section name="othersection" type="SomeType" />
      </configSections>

      <mailSettings2>
        <noreply deliveryMethod="Network" from="noreply@host.com"> // noreply, in my case - use your mail in the condition bellow
          <network enableSsl="false" password="<YourPass>" host="<YourHost>" port="25" userName="<YourUser>" defaultCredentials="false" />
        </noreply>
      </mailSettings2>
      ... </configSections>

    然后，我有一个线程发送邮件：

    SomePage.cs

    private bool SendMail(String From, String To, String Subject, String Html)
    {
        try
        {
            System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient SMTPSender = null;

            if (From.Split('@')[0] == "noreply")
            {
                System.Net.Configuration.SmtpSection smtpSection = (SmtpSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mailSettings2/noreply");
                SMTPSender = new System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient(smtpSection.Network.Host, smtpSection.Network.Port);
                SMTPSender.Credentials = new System.Net.NetworkCredential(smtpSection.Network.UserName, smtpSection.Network.Password);
                System.Net.Mail.MailMessage Message = new System.Net.Mail.MailMessage();
                Message.From = new System.Net.Mail.MailAddress(From);

                Message.To.Add(To);
                Message.Subject = Subject;
                Message.Bcc.Add(Recipient);
                Message.IsBodyHtml = true;
                Message.Body = Html;
                Message.BodyEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("ISO-8859-1");
                Message.SubjectEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("ISO-8859-1");
                SMTPSender.Send(Message);

            }
            else
            {
                SMTPSender = new System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient();
                System.Net.Mail.MailMessage Message = new System.Net.Mail.MailMessage();
                Message.From = new System.Net.Mail.MailAddress(From);

                SMTPSender.EnableSsl = SMTPSender.Port == <Port1> || SMTPSender.Port == <Port2>;

                Message.To.Add(To);
                Message.Subject = Subject;
                Message.Bcc.Add(Recipient);
                Message.IsBodyHtml = true;
                Message.Body = Html;
                Message.BodyEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("ISO-8859-1");
                Message.SubjectEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("ISO-8859-1");
                SMTPSender.Send(Message);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception Ex)
        {
            Logger.Error(Ex.Message, Ex.GetBaseException());
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    谢谢 =)
    0

    最终我自己构建了一个定制的配置加载器，它被用在一个EmailService类中。配置数据可以像连接字符串一样存储在web.config文件中，并且可以根据名称动态获取。

    -1
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