我可以使用以下jQuery代码通过ajax请求的POST方法执行文件上传吗？
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
timeout: 50000,
url: url,
data: dataString,
success: function (data) {
alert('success');
return false;
}
});
如果可能的话，我需要填写data部分吗？这是正确的方法吗？我只是将文件POST到服务器端。
我已经在谷歌上搜过了，但我发现的都是插件，而在我的计划中我不想使用它。至少现在不想。
Iframes不再需要用于通过ajax上传文件。最近我自己完成了这个任务。查看以下页面：
http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/FileAPI/#FileReader-interface
更新了答案并进行了清理。使用getSize函数检查大小或使用getType函数检查类型。添加了进度条HTML和CSS代码。
var Upload = function (file) {
this.file = file;
};
Upload.prototype.getType = function() {
return this.file.type;
};
Upload.prototype.getSize = function() {
return this.file.size;
};
Upload.prototype.getName = function() {
return this.file.name;
};
Upload.prototype.doUpload = function () {
var that = this;
var formData = new FormData();
// add assoc key values, this will be posts values
formData.append("file", this.file, this.getName());
formData.append("upload_file", true);
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "script",
xhr: function () {
var myXhr = $.ajaxSettings.xhr();
if (myXhr.upload) {
myXhr.upload.addEventListener('progress', that.progressHandling, false);
}
return myXhr;
},
success: function (data) {
// your callback here
},
error: function (error) {
// handle error
},
async: true,
data: formData,
cache: false,
contentType: false,
processData: false,
timeout: 60000
});
};
Upload.prototype.progressHandling = function (event) {
var percent = 0;
var position = event.loaded || event.position;
var total = event.total;
var progress_bar_id = "#progress-wrp";
if (event.lengthComputable) {
percent = Math.ceil(position / total * 100);
}
// update progressbars classes so it fits your code
$(progress_bar_id + " .progress-bar").css("width", +percent + "%");
$(progress_bar_id + " .status").text(percent + "%");
};
//Change id to your id
$("#ingredient_file").on("change", function (e) {
var file = $(this)[0].files[0];
var upload = new Upload(file);
// maby check size or type here with upload.getSize() and upload.getType()
// execute upload
upload.doUpload();
});
<div id="progress-wrp">
<div class="progress-bar"></div>
<div class="status">0%</div>
</div>
#progress-wrp {
border: 1px solid #0099CC;
padding: 1px;
position: relative;
height: 30px;
border-radius: 3px;
margin: 10px;
text-align: left;
background: #fff;
box-shadow: inset 1px 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}
#progress-wrp .progress-bar {
height: 100%;
border-radius: 3px;
background-color: #f39ac7;
width: 0;
box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.11);
}
#progress-wrp .status {
top: 3px;
left: 50%;
position: absolute;
display: inline-block;
color: #000000;
}
writer(catchFile)。writer()是什么？ - tandrewnicholsjQuery $.ajax函数来加载我的文件。我曾尝试使用XHR对象，但在服务器端使用PHP时无法获得结果。var formData = new FormData();
formData.append('file', $('#file')[0].files[0]);
$.ajax({
url : 'upload.php',
type : 'POST',
data : formData,
processData: false, // tell jQuery not to process the data
contentType: false, // tell jQuery not to set contentType
success : function(data) {
console.log(data);
alert(data);
}
});
正如您所见，您必须创建一个FormData对象，可以是空的或者从现有表单中（序列化为$('#yourForm').serialize()）创建，并附加输入文件。
这里有更多信息： - 如何使用 jQuery.ajax 和 FormData 上传文件 - 通过 jQuery 上传文件，提供了 FormData 对象但没有文件名，GET 请求
对于 PHP 处理，您可以使用以下代码：
//print_r($_FILES);
$fileName = $_FILES['file']['name'];
$fileType = $_FILES['file']['type'];
$fileError = $_FILES['file']['error'];
$fileContent = file_get_contents($_FILES['file']['tmp_name']);
if($fileError == UPLOAD_ERR_OK){
//Processes your file here
}else{
switch($fileError){
case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
$message = 'Error al intentar subir un archivo que excede el tamaño permitido.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
$message = 'Error al intentar subir un archivo que excede el tamaño permitido.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
$message = 'Error: no terminó la acción de subir el archivo.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
$message = 'Error: ningún archivo fue subido.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
$message = 'Error: servidor no configurado para carga de archivos.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
$message= 'Error: posible falla al grabar el archivo.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_EXTENSION:
$message = 'Error: carga de archivo no completada.';
break;
default: $message = 'Error: carga de archivo no completada.';
break;
}
echo json_encode(array(
'error' => true,
'message' => $message
));
}
formData.append('file', $('#file')[0].files[0]);返回undefined，而console.log(formData)除了_proto_之外没有任何内容。 - Yakob Ubaidivar formData = new FormData(); formData.append('file', document.getElementById('file').files[0]); $.ajax({ url : $("form[name='uploadPhoto']").attr("action"), type : 'POST', data : formData, processData: false, // 告诉jQuery不要处理数据 contentType: false, // 告诉jQuery不要设置contentType success : function(data) { console.log(data); alert(data); } }); - TARKUS简单的上传表单
<script>
//form Submit
$("form").submit(function(evt){
evt.preventDefault();
var formData = new FormData($(this)[0]);
$.ajax({
url: 'fileUpload',
type: 'POST',
data: formData,
async: false,
cache: false,
contentType: false,
enctype: 'multipart/form-data',
processData: false,
success: function (response) {
alert(response);
}
});
return false;
});
</script><!--Upload Form-->
<form>
<table>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">File Upload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Select File </th>
<td><input id="csv" name="csv" type="file" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<input type="submit" value="submit"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>我可能有些晚了，但我正在寻找一种基于ajax的图像上传解决方案，而我所寻找的答案在这篇文章中有点分散。我最终采用了包含FormData对象的解决方案。我整理了一段基本的代码示例，它演示了如何使用fd.append()向表单添加自定义字段以及在ajax请求完成时如何处理响应数据。
上传html：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Image Upload Form</title>
<script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function submitForm() {
console.log("submit event");
var fd = new FormData(document.getElementById("fileinfo"));
fd.append("label", "WEBUPLOAD");
$.ajax({
url: "upload.php",
type: "POST",
data: fd,
processData: false, // tell jQuery not to process the data
contentType: false // tell jQuery not to set contentType
}).done(function( data ) {
console.log("PHP Output:");
console.log( data );
});
return false;
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" id="fileinfo" name="fileinfo" onsubmit="return submitForm();">
<label>Select a file:</label><br>
<input type="file" name="file" required />
<input type="submit" value="Upload" />
</form>
<div id="output"></div>
</body>
</html>
<?php
if ($_POST["label"]) {
$label = $_POST["label"];
}
$allowedExts = array("gif", "jpeg", "jpg", "png");
$temp = explode(".", $_FILES["file"]["name"]);
$extension = end($temp);
if ((($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/gif")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/x-png")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/png"))
&& ($_FILES["file"]["size"] < 200000)
&& in_array($extension, $allowedExts)) {
if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0) {
echo "Return Code: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "<br>";
} else {
$filename = $label.$_FILES["file"]["name"];
echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "<br>";
echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "<br>";
echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " kB<br>";
echo "Temp file: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"] . "<br>";
if (file_exists("uploads/" . $filename)) {
echo $filename . " already exists. ";
} else {
move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"],
"uploads/" . $filename);
echo "Stored in: " . "uploads/" . $filename;
}
}
} else {
echo "Invalid file";
}
?>
使用 XMLHttpRequest() 可以实现 AJAX 上传，无需使用 iframe。可以显示上传进度。
详情请参见：回答https://dev59.com/AG445IYBdhLWcg3wcZ8N#4943774 中的问题：jQuery Upload Progress and AJAX file upload。
async function saveFile(inp)
{
let formData = new FormData();
formData.append("file", inp.files[0]);
await fetch('/upload/somedata', {method: "POST", body: formData});
alert('success');
}<input type="file" onchange="saveFile(this)" >这是一个更多功能的片段，具有错误处理、超时和额外的JSON发送。
async function saveFile(inp)
{
let user = { name:'john', age:34 };
let formData = new FormData();
let photo = inp.files[0];
formData.append("photo", photo);
formData.append("user", JSON.stringify(user));
const ctrl = new AbortController() // timeout
setTimeout(() => ctrl.abort(), 50000);
try {
let r = await fetch('/upload/image',
{method: "POST", body: formData, signal: ctrl.signal});
console.log('HTTP response code:',r.status);
alert('success');
} catch(e) {
console.log('Huston we have problem...:', e);
}
}<input type="file" onchange="saveFile(this)" >
<br><br>
Before selecting the file Open chrome console > network tab to see the request details.
<br><br>
<small>Because in this example we send request to https://stacksnippets.net/upload/image the response code will be 404 ofcourse...</small>以下是我让它正常工作的方法：
HTML
<input type="file" id="file">
<button id='process-file-button'>Process</button>
JS
$('#process-file-button').on('click', function (e) {
let files = new FormData(), // you can consider this as 'data bag'
url = 'yourUrl';
files.append('fileName', $('#file')[0].files[0]); // append selected file to the bag named 'file'
$.ajax({
type: 'post',
url: url,
processData: false,
contentType: false,
data: files,
success: function (response) {
console.log(response);
},
error: function (err) {
console.log(err);
}
});
});
PHP
if (isset($_FILES) && !empty($_FILES)) {
$file = $_FILES['fileName'];
$name = $file['name'];
$path = $file['tmp_name'];
// process your file
}
$('#file')[0].files[0]，它是一种奇怪的JS解决方法，不需要使用正确的<form>表单。 - ffgpga08使用FormData。它非常好用 :-) ...
var jform = new FormData();
jform.append('user',$('#user').val());
jform.append('image',$('#image').get(0).files[0]); // Here's the important bit
$.ajax({
url: '/your-form-processing-page-url-here',
type: 'POST',
data: jform,
dataType: 'json',
mimeType: 'multipart/form-data', // this too
contentType: false,
cache: false,
processData: false,
success: function(data, status, jqXHR){
alert('Hooray! All is well.');
console.log(data);
console.log(status);
console.log(jqXHR);
},
error: function(jqXHR,status,error){
// Hopefully we should never reach here
console.log(jqXHR);
console.log(status);
console.log(error);
}
});
如果你想这样做：
$.upload( form.action, new FormData( myForm))
.progress( function( progressEvent, upload) {
if( progressEvent.lengthComputable) {
var percent = Math.round( progressEvent.loaded * 100 / progressEvent.total) + '%';
if( upload) {
console.log( percent + ' uploaded');
} else {
console.log( percent + ' downloaded');
}
}
})
.done( function() {
console.log( 'Finished upload');
});
也许https://github.com/lgersman/jquery.orangevolt-ampere/blob/master/src/jquery.upload.js可以解决你的问题。