如何使用SOAP进行身份验证？

Question

如何使用SOAP对用户进行认证？

我是否必须要求用户在每个SOAP请求中发送他的用户名和密码，然后根据数据库对其进行身份验证？

这样似乎会导致不必要的查询，是吗？

- YD8877

Answer 1

更简单的方法是在第一次查询时进行身份验证，在服务器端构建一个会话记录，其中包含远程IP地址和您作为authToken提供给客户端的令牌。然后让客户端在未来的查询中传递此authToken。这个authToken必须与您保留的有关客户端的内部会话数据匹配，但可以避免不必要的数据库往返以进行身份验证。

话虽如此，@Marcus Adams提到了无状态性的一个好观点。有些人正在推动各种SOAP安全模型。 WS-Security是目前的最新技术。它们都通过将身份验证信息放入SOAP标头中来工作-毕竟，这就是为什么SOAP消息包含标头和正文部分的原因。

- Chris K

---

据我所知，这是通常的方式。它还允许登录具有SSL加密端点（以获取密钥），并对数据请求使用非加密端点（如果数据可以不受保护地发送）。 - extraneon

Answer 2

以下是我如何在头部使用API验证的简单示例：

文件portfolio-lookup-client.php

<?php
ini_set("soap.wsdl_cache_enabled", "0"); // disabling WSDL cache
class portfolioLookupAuth 
{ 
    public $apiKey; 
    public function __construct($key) 
    { 
        $this->apiKey = $key; 
    } 
} 
$apiKey = "123456"; 
$url = 'http://mysite.com/php5soap/portfolio-lookup.wsdl';
$client = new SoapClient($url, array("trace" => 1, "exception" => 0)); 

// Create the header 
$auth  = new portfolioLookupAuth($apiKey); 
// SoapHeader::__construct ( string $namespace , string $name [, mixed $data [, bool $mustunderstand [, string $actor ]]] ) 
$header = new SoapHeader($url, "APIValidate", $auth, false);   

  try {

    $result = $client->__soapCall("getPortfolioByName", array("portfolioName" => "WQAM"), NULL, $header);       
    print_r($result);

    print "<pre>\n"; print "Request :\n".htmlspecialchars($client->__getLastRequest()) ."\n";
    print "Response:\n".htmlspecialchars($client->__getLastResponse())."\n"; print "</pre>";    

  } catch (SoapFault $exception) {

    echo 'Exception Thrown: '.$exception->faultstring.'<br><br>';  

  }

?>

file portfolio-lookup-server.php

<?php
ini_set("soap.wsdl_cache_enabled", "0"); // disabling WSDL cache

class PortfolioLookupService {

    private $apiKey = '123456';

    private $portfolios = array(
            'WPOW' => 'Power 96 party station.',
            'WQAM' => 'Sports radio site.',
            'WJBR' => 'Cool sites for bands.',
            'WKIS' => 'Kiss Country 2',

  );

  public function APIValidate($auth){

    if($auth->apiKey != $this->apiKey){
        throw new SoapFault("Server", "Incorrect key");
    }

  }

  function getPortfolioByName($portfolioName) {
    //print_r($portfolioName); exit();
    if (isset($this->portfolios[$portfolioName])) {
      return $this->portfolios[$portfolioName];
    } else {
      return 'Portfolio name "'.$portfolioName.'" not found.';
      //throw new SoapFault('code', 'string', 'actor', 'detail', 'name', 'header');
      throw new SoapFault("Server","Unknown Name '$portfolioName'.");      
    }
  }  

  function getPortfoliosAll() {
      return $this->portfolios;
  }    

}

$server = new SoapServer("portfolio-lookup.wsdl");
$server->setClass("PortfolioLookupService");
$server->handle();

?>

file portfolio-lookup.wsdl

<?xml version ='1.0' encoding ='UTF-8' ?>

<definitions name='PortfolioLookup'

  targetNamespace='http://example.org/PortfolioLookup'

  xmlns:tns='PortfolioLookup'

  xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/'

  xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'

  xmlns:soapenc='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/'

  xmlns:wsdl='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/'

  xmlns='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/'>

<message name='getPortfolioByNameRequest'>
  <part name='portfolioName' type='xsd:string'/>
</message>
<message name='getPortfolioByNameResponse'>
  <part name='Result' type='xsd:string'/>
</message>


<message name='getPortfoliosAllRequest'>
  <part name='portfolioName' type='xsd:string'/>
</message>
<message name='getPortfoliosAllResponse'>
  <part name='Result' type='xsd:array'/>
</message>


<message name='APIValidateRequest'>
<part name='apiKey' type='xsd:string'/>
</message>
<message name='APIValidateResponse'>
<part name='testReturn' type='xsd:string'/>
</message>



<portType name='PortfolioLookupPortType'>

  <operation name='getPortfolioByName'>
    <input message='tns:getPortfolioByNameRequest'/>
    <output message='tns:getPortfolioByNameResponse'/>
  </operation>

  <operation name='getPortfoliosAll'>
    <input message='tns:getPortfoliosAllRequest'/>
    <output message='tns:getPortfoliosAllResponse'/>
  </operation>

    <operation name='APIValidate'>
    <input message='tns:APIValidateRequest'/>
    <output message='tns:APIValidateResponse'/>
    </operation>

</portType>

<binding name='PortfolioLookupBinding' type='tns:PortfolioLookupPortType'>

  <soap:binding style='rpc'
    transport='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http'/>


  <operation name='getPortfolioByName'>
    <soap:operation soapAction='urn:PortfolioLookup#getPortfolioByName'/>
    <input>
      <soap:body use='encoded' namespace='urn:PortfolioLookup'
        encodingStyle='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/'/>
    </input>
    <output>
      <soap:body use='encoded' namespace='urn:PortfolioLookup'
        encodingStyle='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/'/>
    </output>
  </operation>


  <operation name='getPortfoliosAll'>
    <soap:operation soapAction='urn:PortfolioLookup#getPortfoliosAll'/>
    <input>
      <soap:body use='encoded' namespace='urn:PortfolioLookup'
        encodingStyle='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/'/>
    </input>
    <output>
      <soap:body use='encoded' namespace='urn:PortfolioLookup'
        encodingStyle='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/'/>
    </output>
  </operation>  




</binding>

<service name='PortfolioLookupService'>

  <port name='PortfolioLookupPort' binding='PortfolioLookupBinding'>
    <soap:address location='http://mysite.com/php5soap/portfolio-lookup-server.php'/>
  </port>

</service>

</definitions>

- EricP

Answer 3

大多数SOAP接口的实现方式是要求用户在每个请求中发送用户名和密码。实际上，除了“API密钥”这个概念外，我没有看到其他任何实现方式。而使用API密钥只是将用户名和密码交换为其他令牌。

SOAP接口应该像HTTP一样是无状态的，因此这似乎是一个正常的结果。

- Marcus Adams

Answer 4

定义一个自定义的 SOAP 报头，并在报头中交换身份验证凭据。从报头读取值并进行身份验证。

- this. __curious_geek