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我的/var/log/auth.log中出现了一些可疑的条目：“成功的su用户为root”。

securityauthenticationvirusessulogs

这篇在Reddit上的帖子促使我翻阅了我的日志。就在那时，我发现了以下两个非连续日期出现的条目。"user" 是我的用户账号。

Aug  4 22:50:37 UbuntuSystem sudo: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root by user(uid=1000)
Aug  4 22:50:39 UbuntuSystem sudo: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Aug  4 22:51:16 UbuntuSystem su[10710]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:16 UbuntuSystem su[10710]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:16 UbuntuSystem su[10710]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10710]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10720]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10720]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10720]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10720]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10735]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10735]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10735]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10735]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10763]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10763]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10763]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10763]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10773]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10773]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10773]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10773]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10788]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10788]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10788]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10788]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10801]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10801]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10801]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10801]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10814]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10814]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10814]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10814]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10829]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10829]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10829]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10829]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10842]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10842]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10842]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10842]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10855]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10855]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10855]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 22:51:17 UbuntuSystem su[10855]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11153]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11153]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11153]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11153]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11166]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11166]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11166]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11166]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11181]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11181]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11181]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11181]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11193]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11193]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11193]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11193]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11211]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11211]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11211]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11211]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11226]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11226]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11226]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11226]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11241]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11241]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11241]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11241]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11253]: Successful su for user by root
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11253]: + ??? root:user
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11253]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug  4 23:41:39 UbuntuSystem su[11253]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug  4 23:42:18 UbuntuSystem gnome-screensaver-dialog: gkr-pam: unlocked login keyring
Aug  4 23:42:33 UbuntuSystem polkitd(authority=local): Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-session:/org/freedesktop/ConsoleKit/Session2 (system bus name :1.48, object path /org/gnome/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale en_US.UTF-8) (disconnected from bus)

Aug 15 20:17:01 UbuntuSystem CRON[26579]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Aug 15 20:17:01 UbuntuSystem CRON[26579]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
Aug 15 21:15:15 UbuntuSystem su[27098]: Successful su for user by root
Aug 15 21:15:15 UbuntuSystem su[27098]: + ??? root:user
Aug 15 21:15:15 UbuntuSystem su[27098]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug 15 21:15:15 UbuntuSystem su[27098]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug 15 21:17:01 UbuntuSystem CRON[27141]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Aug 15 21:17:01 UbuntuSystem CRON[27141]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root

除了这些迭代之外，我发现类似的输出只有在尝试访客账户时才出现过。
Aug 11 22:38:49 UbuntuSystem lightdm: pam_unix(lightdm:session): session closed for user lightdm
Aug 11 22:38:49 UbuntuSystem groupadd[2918]: group added to /etc/group: name=guest-4Eflre, GID=125
Aug 11 22:38:49 UbuntuSystem groupadd[2918]: group added to /etc/gshadow: name=guest-4Eflre
Aug 11 22:38:49 UbuntuSystem groupadd[2918]: new group: name=guest-4Eflre, GID=125
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem useradd[2922]: new user: name=guest-4Eflre, UID=115, GID=125, home=/, shell=/bin/bash
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem usermod[2927]: change user 'guest-4Eflre' password
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem chage[2932]: changed password expiry for guest-4Eflre
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem chfn[2935]: changed user 'guest-4Eflre' information
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem usermod[2943]: change user 'guest-4Eflre' home from '/' to '/tmp/guest-4Eflre'
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem su[2948]: Successful su for guest-4Eflre by root
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem su[2948]: + ??? root:guest-4Eflre
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem su[2948]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user guest-4Eflre by (uid=0)
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem su[2948]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user guest-4Eflre
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem lightdm: pam_unix(lightdm-autologin:session): session opened for user guest-4Eflre by (uid=0)
Aug 11 22:38:50 UbuntuSystem lightdm: pam_ck_connector(lightdm-autologin:session): nox11 mode, ignoring PAM_TTY :0

我可能需要补充一下，我只是最近才设置好我的系统（8月4日）。
这种行为正常吗？所有的su命令到底是怎么回事？我需要担心我的系统是否被入侵了吗？
非常感谢您提前的帮助。
3个回答
那些警告是在你从root用户切换到你的用户时出现的。
看起来你没有任何问题。
感谢您的快速回复！我真诚地希望情况是这样。但是，通常我每个会话至少发布一个sudo命令（大多数为apt-get update＆upgrade）。您有任何想法为什么这些条目仅在两天内出现？ - Glutanimate
可能是一些预定的工作或者sudo的某个版本出了问题。 - LnxSlck
好的，再次感谢。我现在松了一口气。不过，我会确保在接下来的几天里监控日志，看这些条目是否重新出现，并试图找出原因。如果我发现任何问题，我会编辑我的原始帖子。 - Glutanimate
这些不是你运行 sudo 时出现的。但它们也不是问题。这些消息的内容是：
Successful su for user by root

无论您是以真实用户还是访客用户身份登录，每次登录时都会发生这种情况。 登录屏幕作为root运行，因此必须在登录过程中将用户身份从root更改为非root用户。这不是user变成root。这是root变成user。
我知道了，谢谢！但是你知道为什么这些条目只出现在无数次登录中的两个上吗？ - Glutanimate
@Glutanimate 这是一个很好的观点。虽然这是根变成你（而不是你变成根用户），但是我的假设——这是你登录的问题有些不对。在正常配置的12.04系统中，实际上登录的样子与这个不同。例如，在我的12.04系统上，它看起来像 Aug 17 17:09:37 Del lightdm: pam_unix(lightdm:session): session opened for user ek by (uid=0)。我想知道你是否有以你的用户身份运行的定时任务。（可以通过运行 crontab -l 来查看一些此类任务。） - Eliah Kagan
最终，有些事情正在发生，我目前无法解释。我不认为这是值得担心的原因，但值得调查一下。 - Eliah Kagan
我觉得我可能找到了至少一个罪犯：
Aug 21 16:15:09 UbuntuSystem su[30135]: Successful su for user by root
Aug 21 16:15:09 UbuntuSystem su[30135]: + ??? root:user
Aug 21 16:15:09 UbuntuSystem su[30135]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug 21 16:15:09 UbuntuSystem su[30135]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug 21 16:15:09 UbuntuSystem sudo: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Aug 21 16:15:12 UbuntuSystem sudo:      user : TTY=unknown ; PWD=/home/user ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/lib/jupiter/scripts/cpu-control high
Aug 21 16:15:12 UbuntuSystem sudo: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root by (uid=1000)
Aug 21 16:15:12 UbuntuSystem su[30174]: Successful su for user by root
Aug 21 16:15:12 UbuntuSystem su[30174]: + ??? root:user
Aug 21 16:15:12 UbuntuSystem su[30174]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user user by (uid=0)
Aug 21 16:15:12 UbuntuSystem su[30174]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user
Aug 21 16:15:12 UbuntuSystem sudo: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root

在这种情况下，条目与Jupiter电源小程序相连接，并且在更改CPU功耗模式时特别出现。由于其他实例中没有提到Jupiter，我无法确定它们是否可以归因于同一进程。
我将继续监控我的日志，并在此处发布任何进一步的结果。