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NVIDIA驱动程序与新内核不再兼容。

driversnvidiakernel

nvidia-driver-515-open（专有，经过测试）与我的GeForce RTX 3080 Lite Hash Rate不再兼容。我正在运行Ubuntu 22.04。一切都很好，直到上周的更新。5.15.0-50-generic会导致屏幕定期变黑。nvidia-driver-515（专有）只能启动一个空白屏幕。

在5.15.0-48-generic下使用nvidia-driver-515-open（专有，经过测试），系统更稳定但非常缓慢。

这些输出是在5.15.0-48-generic下创建的，因为5.15.0-48-generic不够稳定。

modinfo /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/video/nvidia.ko | grep ^version 的结果：

modinfo: ERROR: Module /usr/lib/modules/5.15.0-48-generic/kernel/drivers/video/nvidia.ko not found.

nvidia-settings 的结果：

ERROR: NVIDIA driver is not loaded

(nvidia-settings:18455): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: 20:38:47.756: g_object_unref: assertion 'G_IS_OBJECT (object)' failed

** (nvidia-settings:18455): CRITICAL **: 20:38:47.762: ctk_powermode_new: assertion '(ctrl_target != NULL) && (ctrl_target->h != NULL)' failed

ERROR: nvidia-settings could not find the registry key file or the X server is not accessible.
       This file should have been installed along with this driver at
       /usr/share/nvidia/nvidia-application-profiles-key-documentation. The
       application profiles will continue to work, but values cannot be
       prepopulated or validated, and will not be listed in the help text.
       Please see the README for possible values and descriptions.

** Message: 20:38:47.894: PRIME: No offloading required. Abort
** Message: 20:38:47.894: PRIME: is it supported? no

sudo lshw -C display的结果：

  *-display UNGEFORDERT     
       Beschreibung: VGA compatible controller
       Produkt: GA102 [GeForce RTX 3080 Lite Hash Rate]
       Hersteller: NVIDIA Corporation
       Physische ID: 0
       Bus-Informationen: pci@0000:01:00.0
       Version: a1
       Breite: 64 bits
       Takt: 33MHz
       Fähigkeiten: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller cap_list
       Konfiguration: latency=0
       Ressourcen: iomemory:400-3ff iomemory:440-43f memory:a1000000-a1ffffff memory:4000000000-43ffffffff memory:4400000000-4401ffffff ioport:5000(Größe=128) memory:c0000-dffff
  *-graphics
       Produkt: EFI VGA
       Physische ID: 2
       Logischer Name: /dev/fb0
       Fähigkeiten: fb
       Konfiguration: depth=32 resolution=3840,2160

请告诉我是否需要进一步的信息，因为我并不是专家。

apt-term.log:

Log started: 2022-10-14  10:37:34
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(Lese Datenbank ... 95%
(Lese Datenbank ... 100%
(Lese Datenbank ... 319810 Dateien und Verzeichnisse sind derzeit installiert.)
Entfernen von linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-48-generic (5.15.0-48.54) ...
linux-image-nvidia-5.15.0-48-generic: removing .ko files
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(Lese Datenbank ... 95%
(Lese Datenbank ... 100%
(Lese Datenbank ... 319807 Dateien und Verzeichnisse sind derzeit installiert.)
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../00-nvidia-driver-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von nvidia-driver-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../01-libnvidia-extra-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-extra-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../02-libnvidia-common-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_all.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-common-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../03-libnvidia-gl-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
De-konfigurieren von libnvidia-gl-515:i386 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), um libnvidia-gl-515:amd64 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) konfigurieren zu können ...
dpkg-query: Kein Paket gefunden, das auf libnvidia-gl-510 passt
Entpacken von libnvidia-gl-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../04-libnvidia-gl-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
dpkg-query: Kein Paket gefunden, das auf libnvidia-gl-510 passt
Entpacken von libnvidia-gl-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../05-nvidia-dkms-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Removing all DKMS Modules
Done.
Entpacken von nvidia-dkms-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../06-nvidia-kernel-source-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von nvidia-kernel-source-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../07-linux-modules-nvidia-515-generic-hwe-22.04_5.15.0-50.56+1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von linux-modules-nvidia-515-generic-hwe-22.04 (5.15.0-50.56+1) über (5.15.0-50.56) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../08-linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic_5.15.0-50.56+1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) über (5.15.0-50.56) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../09-linux-signatures-nvidia-5.15.0-50-generic_5.15.0-50.56+1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von linux-signatures-nvidia-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) über (5.15.0-50.56) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../10-linux-objects-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic_5.15.0-50.56+1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von linux-objects-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) über (5.15.0-50.56) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../11-nvidia-kernel-common-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von nvidia-kernel-common-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../12-libnvidia-decode-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
De-konfigurieren von libnvidia-decode-515:amd64 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), um libnvidia-decode-515:i386 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) konfigurieren zu können ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-decode-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../13-libnvidia-decode-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-decode-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../14-libnvidia-compute-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
De-konfigurieren von libnvidia-compute-515:i386 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), um libnvidia-compute-515:amd64 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) konfigurieren zu können ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-compute-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../15-libnvidia-compute-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-compute-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../16-nvidia-compute-utils-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von nvidia-compute-utils-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../17-libnvidia-encode-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
De-konfigurieren von libnvidia-encode-515:i386 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), um libnvidia-encode-515:amd64 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) konfigurieren zu können ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-encode-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../18-libnvidia-encode-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-encode-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../19-nvidia-utils-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von nvidia-utils-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../20-libnvidia-fbc1-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
De-konfigurieren von libnvidia-fbc1-515:i386 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), um libnvidia-fbc1-515:amd64 (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) konfigurieren zu können ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-fbc1-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../21-libnvidia-fbc1-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-fbc1-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../22-xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von .../23-libnvidia-cfg1-515_515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Entpacken von libnvidia-cfg1-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) über (515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
libnvidia-compute-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-compute-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-extra-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
nvidia-kernel-common-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
nvidia-kernel-source-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
linux-objects-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-decode-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-decode-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
nvidia-utils-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-common-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
nvidia-dkms-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
INFO:Enable nvidia
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/put_your_quirks_here
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/lenovo_thinkpad
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/dell_latitude
Loading new nvidia-515.76 DKMS files...
Building for 5.15.0-50-generic
Building for architecture x86_64
Building initial module for 5.15.0-50-generic
Done.

nvidia.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
 - Original module
 - Installation
   - Installing to /lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/updates/dkms/

nvidia-modeset.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
 - Original module
 - Installation
   - Installing to /lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/updates/dkms/

nvidia-drm.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
 - Original module
 - Installation
   - Installing to /lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/updates/dkms/

nvidia-uvm.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
 - Original module
 - Installation
   - Installing to /lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/updates/dkms/

nvidia-peermem.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
 - Original module
 - Installation
   - Installing to /lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/updates/dkms/

depmod...
libnvidia-fbc1-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-fbc1-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
nvidia-compute-utils-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
linux-signatures-nvidia-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-cfg1-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-encode-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-encode-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-gl-515:amd64 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
libnvidia-gl-515:i386 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56+1) wird eingerichtet ...
linux-image-nvidia-5.15.0-50-generic: constructing .ko files
nvidia-drm.ko: OK
nvidia-modeset.ko: OK
nvidia-peermem.ko: OK
nvidia-uvm.ko: OK
nvidia.ko: OK
linux-modules-nvidia-515-generic-hwe-22.04 (5.15.0-50.56+1) wird eingerichtet ...
nvidia-driver-515 (515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) wird eingerichtet ...
Trigger für man-db (2.10.2-1) werden verarbeitet ...
Trigger für libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) werden verarbeitet ...
Trigger für initramfs-tools (0.140ubuntu13) werden verarbeitet ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-50-generic
Trigger für linux-image-5.15.0-50-generic (5.15.0-50.56) werden verarbeitet ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms:
 * dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 5.15.0-50-generic
   ...done.
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-50-generic
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub:
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/init-select.cfg'
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-50-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-50-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-48-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-48-generic
Memtest86+ needs a 16-bit boot, that is not available on EFI, exiting
Warning: os-prober will be executed to detect other bootable partitions.
Its output will be used to detect bootable binaries on them and create new boot entries.
Found Windows Boot Manager on /dev/nvme0n1p1@/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
Adding boot menu entry for UEFI Firmware Settings ...
done
Log ended: 2022-10-14  10:38:11

Log started: 2022-10-14  10:38:30
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(Lese Datenbank ... 319808 Dateien und Verzeichnisse sind derzeit installiert.)
Entfernen von appmenu-gtk-module-common (0.7.6-2) ...
Entfernen von libappmenu-gtk3-parser0:amd64 (0.7.6-2) ...
Entfernen von libc-ares2:amd64 (1.18.1-1build1) ...
Entfernen von libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 (2.0.4-1build1) ...
Entfernen von libgoocanvas-2.0-common (2.0.4-1build1) ...
Entfernen von libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit:amd64 (2.1.27+dfsg2-3ubuntu1) ...
Trigger für libglib2.0-0:i386 (2.72.1-1) werden verarbeitet ...
Trigger für libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) werden verarbeitet ...
Trigger für libglib2.0-0:amd64 (2.72.1-1) werden verarbeitet ...
(Lese Datenbank ... 
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(Lese Datenbank ... 319706 Dateien und Verzeichnisse sind derzeit installiert.)
Löschen der Konfigurationsdateien von appmenu-gtk-module-common (0.7.6-2) ...
Log ended: 2022-10-14  10:38:31

apt.log:

Log time: 2022-10-14 10:35:52.456720
Starting pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 1
Starting 2 pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 1
Investigating (0) linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 < 5.15.0-48.54 @ii mK Ib >
Broken linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 Hängt ab von on nvidia-kernel-common-515:amd64 < 515.65.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 -> 515.76-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 @ii umU > (<= 515.65.01-1)
  Considering nvidia-kernel-common-515:amd64 19 as a solution to linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 0
  Removing linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 rather than change nvidia-kernel-common-515:amd64
Done
Log time: 2022-10-14 10:38:12.839733
  MarkPurge libgoocanvas-2.0-common:amd64 < 2.0.4-1build1 @ii gK > FU=1
Starting pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 1
Starting 2 pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 1
Investigating (0) libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 < 2.0.4-1build1 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 Hängt ab von on libgoocanvas-2.0-common:amd64 < 2.0.4-1build1 @ii pgP > (= 2.0.4-1build1)
  Considering libgoocanvas-2.0-common:amd64 10000 as a solution to libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 0
  Removing libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 rather than change libgoocanvas-2.0-common:amd64
  MarkDelete libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 < 2.0.4-1build1 @ii gK Ib > FU=0
Done
  MarkPurge appmenu-gtk-module-common:amd64 < 0.7.6-2 @ii gK > FU=1
  MarkPurge libc-ares2:amd64 < 1.18.1-1build1 @ii gK > FU=1
  MarkPurge libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit:amd64 < 2.1.27+dfsg2-3ubuntu1 @ii gK > FU=1
  MarkPurge libgoocanvas-2.0-9:amd64 < 2.0.4-1build1 @ii gP > FU=1
  MarkPurge libappmenu-gtk3-parser0:amd64 < 0.7.6-2 @ii gK > FU=1
modinfo --> 未找到：看起来该内核版本的驱动程序构建失败。尝试重新构建可能会修复问题或揭示真正的错误。 - user10489
谢谢您的回答。我按照Ubuntu的更新程序进行操作。一个对话框弹出，宣布了一个部分系统更新（对术语不太确定）。软件被安装和移除后，重启后发现声音消失了，NVIDIA驱动程序（在几个月内一直没有变化）也不能工作了。 - Kilix
听起来你的更新没有完成，或者其中的一部分被中止了。你需要重新运行驱动程序安装或查找日志文件。 - user10489
更新程序无错误地结束。重新安装驱动程序并没有帮助。你能具体说明哪些日志是必要的吗？谢谢。 - Kilix
515 nvidia.ko 模块的标准位置是：/usr/lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/kernel/nvidia-515。您最初是如何安装 NVIDIA 模块的？重新安装时，您是否清理了所有名称中带有 "nvidia" 的软件包？标准存储库对于 515.76 驱动程序足够了。 - ubfan1
最初我在六月份通过图形界面的“附加驱动程序”安装了NVIDIA驱动程序。在10月14日的系统更新后（我在单独的回答中发布了日志），屏幕仍然黑屏。使用.48内核启动可以进入工作环境。然后我尝试从同样的界面重新安装。我没有清理任何东西。也许这样做更加混乱，但事实是10月14日的系统更新没有成功，在apt.log中可以找到“broken count: 1”，如下所示。谢谢您的帮助。 - Kilix
/usr/lib/modules/5.15.0-50-generic/kernel/nvidia-515的内容是：bits nvidia.ko nvidia-peermem.ko nvidia-drm.ko nvidia-modeset.ko nvidia-uvm.ko - Kilix
更新会产生很多消息，很容易错过构建驱动程序失败的情况。由于这是一个非致命错误（对于更新来说），它不会中止更新或在最后显示为错误。 - user10489
我遇到了同样的问题。你有没有碰巧在NVIDIA论坛上提问？ - Staza
不，这是我第一次尝试寻找解决方案。你指的是哪个论坛？有关于这个问题的讨论吗？ - Kilix
看起来我正在面临一个相同的问题 https://askubuntu.com/questions/1436629/ubuntu-22-04-1-lts-rtx-3060ti-failed-to-allocate-nvkmskapidevice - Ejaz
不确定它是否真的有帮助，但它移除了错误 sudo ln /usr/lib/modules/5.15.0-73-generic/updates/dkms/nvidia.ko /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/video/nvidia.ko。 - ozma
2个回答
我在重启后遇到了相同的问题（1050 Ti），屏幕变成空白，然后只有一个闪烁的光标。以下是解决方法：
  • 使用[CTRL]+[ALT]+[F2]进入终端，当系统在过程中不断切换回闪烁的光标时，再次按下[CTRL]+[ALT]+[F2]
  • 在终端上用您的用户登录系统
  • sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade（这将完成大部分损坏的未完成升级，但不包括NVIDIA驱动程序）
  • sudo apt install --upgrade linux-modules-nvidia-515-generic（这将修复我缺失的NVIDIA内核模块）
  • sudo reboot
看起来是一个未完成的升级导致了系统故障，这是我最近更新的/var/log/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrades.log文件的内容。
2022-10-17 07:28:48,250 INFO Starting unattended upgrades script
2022-10-17 07:28:48,250 INFO Allowed origins are: o=Ubuntu,a=jammy, o=Ubuntu,a=jammy-security, o=UbuntuESMApps,a=jammy-apps-security, o=UbuntuESM,a=jammy-infra-security
2022-10-17 07:28:48,250 INFO Initial blacklist: 
2022-10-17 07:28:48,250 INFO Initial whitelist (not strict): 
2022-10-17 07:29:05,790 INFO Packages that will be upgraded: libnvidia-common-515 linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic linux-libc-dev unzip
2022-10-17 07:29:05,790 INFO Writing dpkg log to /var/log/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrades-dpkg.log
2022-10-17 07:29:52,028 INFO All upgrades installed
2022-10-17 07:30:10,913 INFO Packages that were successfully auto-removed: linux-headers-5.15.0-47 linux-headers-5.15.0-47-generic linux-image-5.15.0-47-generic linux-modules-5.15.0-47-generic linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-47-generic linux-modules-nvidia-515-5.15.0-47-generic linux-objects-nvidia-515-5.15.0-47-generic linux-signatures-nvidia-5.15.0-47-generic
2022-10-17 07:30:10,913 INFO Packages that are kept back: 
2022-10-17 07:30:11,064 INFO Package libnvidia-cfg1-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,066 INFO Package libnvidia-compute-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,067 INFO Package libnvidia-compute-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,069 INFO Package libnvidia-decode-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,070 INFO Package libnvidia-decode-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,072 INFO Package libnvidia-encode-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,073 INFO Package libnvidia-encode-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,075 INFO Package libnvidia-extra-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,076 INFO Package libnvidia-fbc1-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,078 INFO Package libnvidia-fbc1-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,080 INFO Package libnvidia-gl-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,082 INFO Package libnvidia-gl-515 is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
2022-10-17 07:30:11,118 INFO Package linux-modules-nvidia-515-generic is kept back because a related package is kept back or due to local apt_preferences(5).
很遗憾，这并没有改变任何事情。谢谢你的回答。 - Kilix
我遇到了类似的问题，我的var/log/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrades.log文件中也有相同的“kept back”行。 - Ejaz
这对我在一台22.04版本的Ubuntu笔记本上有效，只是我将525替换了进来，因为时间已经过去了。这修复了“被保留”的错误，我计划在我的台式机上测试并确认它是否能解决第二个屏幕无法工作的问题（或者不能解决）。稍后再说。 - brianlmerritt
虽然Ubuntu现在推荐使用515-open驱动程序，但就其价值而言，NVIDIA开放的内核模块被NVIDIA认为是消费者和工作站GPU的“Alpha质量”。
请参阅https://github.com/NVIDIA/open-gpu-kernel-modules。
我建议在开源驱动程序成熟之前使用510版本。
515-server驱动程序怎么样？我可以在普通电脑上使用吗？ - Ejaz
好的，重新启动了我的电脑，而且似乎515服务器驱动程序已经解决了我的问题。启动时没有NvKmsKapiDevice问题，双屏幕也正常工作。参考这个问题https://askubuntu.com/questions/1436629/ubuntu-22-04-1-lts-rtx-3060ti-failed-to-allocate-nvkmskapidevice - Ejaz
NVIDIA 510显卡驱动运行良好。感谢这个伟大社区中的所有帮助。 - Kilix
谢谢。不知怎么回事，我从515驱动切换到525开放驱动后，我的系统完全崩溃了。一个小时后，我看到了你的评论，问题立刻解决了。 - cardonator