在Lubuntu（LXDE）中，“聚焦应用程序”键盘快捷键

Question

在Lubuntu（LXDE）中，“聚焦应用程序”键盘快捷键

lubuntushortcut-keyslxdeopenbox

7

在Unity中，按下Super + 1到9键可以启动或切换焦点到一个应用程序。在Lubuntu（即LXDE）中，我能否分配一个具有类似属性的键盘快捷方式？

更准确地说，我能否设置一个快捷方式，如果应用程序已经打开，则焦点将切换到它，并相应地更改工作区（就像在Unity中一样）？到目前为止，我只能设置一个快捷方式来启动（一个新实例的）应用程序。

- DustByte

1个回答

- Glutanimate · Accepted Answer

Openbox（LXDE的窗口管理器）没有内置此功能，但是通过一点帮助来自xdotool，我们可以编写一个脚本来复制甚至增强Unity的行为。

首先，请确保您已安装xdotool：

sudo apt-get install xdotool

将以下脚本保存为focus_or_launch并使其可执行：

 #!/bin/bash

# NAME:         focus_or_launch
# VERSION:      0.4
# AUTHOR:       (c) 2014 Glutanimate <https://github.com/Glutanimate/>
#
# DESCRIPTION:  Focus existing app window or launch application if no
#               window found
#
#               Simplified version of a script by Henning Bekel
#               (https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=625009#p625009)
#
# DEPENDENCIES: xdotool
#
# LICENSE:      GNU GPLv3 (http://www.gnu.de/documents/gpl-3.0.en.html)
#
# NOTICE:       THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. 
#               EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 
#               PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR 
#               IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY 
#               AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND 
#               PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE,
#               YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
#
#               IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY 
#               COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS 
#               PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, 
#               INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE 
#               THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED 
#               INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE 
#               PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER 
#               PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
#
# USAGE:        focus_or_launch <command>
# EXAMPLE:      focus_or_launch google-chrome


############# GLOBVAR/PREP ###############

Executable="$1"
ExecutableBase="$(basename "$Executable")"
Usage="\
Usage: $(basename $0) command
E.g.:  $(basename $0) google-chrome\
"

############## USGCHECKS #################

if [[ $# -ne 1 || "$1" =~ ^(-h|--help)$ ]]; then
  echo "$Usage"
  exit 1
fi

################ MAIN ####################

MostRecentWID="$(xdotool search --class --name "$ExecutableBase" | tail -1 2> /dev/null)"

if [[ -z "$MostRecentWID" ]]; then
  echo "$ExecutableBase not found. Launching new window."
  "$Executable" > /dev/null 2>&1 &
  disown
else
  echo "Focusing existing instance of $ExecutableBase."
  # use brute-force approach if activating most recent WID doesn't work
  xdotool windowactivate "$MostRecentWID" 2>&1 | grep failed \
  && xdotool search --class --name "$ExecutableBase" windowactivate %@
fi

这是脚本的工作原理：当你运行focus_or_launch application时，xdotool会查找应用程序的现有实例并将焦点放在其中之一。如果没有找到实例，则脚本将启动一个新的实例。

要将此脚本与您的桌面会话集成，请编辑您的openbox配置文件（例如~/.config/openbox/lxde-rc.xml、../lubuntu-rc.xml或../rc.xml），并为您想要控制的每个应用程序添加类似以下的部分：

<keybind key="W-g">
  <action name="Execute">
    <command>focus_or_launch gedit</command>
  </action>
</keybind>

确保将focus_or_launch替换为您系统上脚本的路径，或者将脚本复制到您的$PATH中。

如果您不希望脚本启动新的应用程序实例，请简单地删除以下部分：

"$Executable" > /dev/null 2>&1 &
disown

P.S.：此脚本应在所有兼容xdotool的桌面环境上运行（例如Unity，GNOME，XFCE...）