如何查找我电脑的内存大小？我正在使用Ubuntu 13.04操作系统。
8个回答
如果您点击屏幕右上方的齿轮图标，然后点击“关于这台电脑”，RAM将显示在第二项下面，位于计算机名称之下。
编辑
如果您在终端运行sudo lshw -class memory，这将为您提供所有可用内存的详细信息。
- SimplySimon
2
6那将告诉你操作系统可以看到多少RAM。 - david6
5此外，要仅打印以 MiB 为单位的数量，请使用以下命令：
lshw -C memory 2>/dev/null | grep -Po ' +size: \K.*'。 - kos还有易于使用的命令来检查RAM：
free -lm
使用
top命令本身或：top | grep -i mem
类似于“top”，但稍微高级一些的是“htop”，但需要安装该软件包“sudo apt-get install htop”，然后运行：
htop
将在终端输出内存规模。
另外，
vmstat也可以做到这一点。vmstat -s -SM
- JoKeR
总体来说
请记住 - 本帖中的许多解决方案只会显示操作系统检测到的内存量（例如，没有PAE的32位系统只能看到4GB）
使用dmidecode检测内存插槽和状态
假设您具有sudo权限，您可以使用dmidecode命令来检测内存插槽的数量以及当前插入的内存。
示例用法：
sudo dmidecode
甚至更好的是，只过滤与内存相关的信息。
sudo dmidecode -t 17
在我的情况下，输出为：
# dmidecode 3.0
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x002F, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x002D
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: ChannelA_Dimm1
Bank Locator: ChannelA
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1333 MHz
Manufacturer: A-DATA
Serial Number: 0000762C
Asset Tag: ChannelA_Dimm1_AssetTag
Part Number: DDR3 1600G
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1333 MHz
Handle 0x0031, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x002D
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: ChannelA_Dimm2
Bank Locator: ChannelA
Type: Unknown
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer: ChannelA_Dimm2_Manufacturer
Serial Number: ChannelA_Dimm2_SerNum
Asset Tag: ChannelA_Dimm2_AssetTag
Part Number: ChannelA_Dimm2_PartNum
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
Handle 0x0033, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x002D
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: ChannelB_Dimm1
Bank Locator: ChannelB
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1333 MHz
Manufacturer: A-DATA
Serial Number: 000028C3
Asset Tag: ChannelB_Dimm1_AssetTag
Part Number: DDR3 1600G
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1333 MHz
Handle 0x0035, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x002D
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: ChannelB_Dimm2
Bank Locator: ChannelB
Type: Unknown
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer: ChannelB_Dimm2_Manufacturer
Serial Number: ChannelB_Dimm2_SerNum
Asset Tag: ChannelB_Dimm2_AssetTag
Part Number: ChannelB_Dimm2_PartNum
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
Handle 0x0037, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x002D
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: ChannelC_Dimm1
Bank Locator: ChannelC
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1333 MHz
Manufacturer: A-DATA
Serial Number: 000028E7
Asset Tag: ChannelC_Dimm1_AssetTag
Part Number: DDR3 1600G
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1333 MHz
Handle 0x0039, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x002D
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: ChannelC_Dimm2
Bank Locator: ChannelC
Type: Unknown
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer: ChannelC_Dimm2_Manufacturer
Serial Number: ChannelC_Dimm2_SerNum
Asset Tag: ChannelC_Dimm2_AssetTag
Part Number: ChannelC_Dimm2_PartNum
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
Handle 0x003B, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x002D
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: ChannelD_Dimm1
Bank Locator: ChannelD
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1333 MHz
Manufacturer: A-DATA
Serial Number: 000028F0
Asset Tag: ChannelD_Dimm1_AssetTag
Part Number: DDR3 1600G
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1333 MHz
Handle 0x003D, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x002D
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: ChannelD_Dimm2
Bank Locator: ChannelD
Type: Unknown
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer: ChannelD_Dimm2_Manufacturer
Serial Number: ChannelD_Dimm2_SerNum
Asset Tag: ChannelD_Dimm2_AssetTag
Part Number: ChannelD_Dimm2_PartNum
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
Invalid entry length (16). Fixed up to 11.
输出告诉你有8个插槽，其中4个被使用，每个插槽都配有4GB内存。
使用lshw检测内存
假设您拥有sudo权限，您可以使用 lshw 命令来检测内存插槽的数量以及目前插入其中的内容。
示例用法：
lshw
或者只是为了获取与内存相关的信息：
lshw -class memory
我的情况下输出为：
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
physical id: 0
version: 3203
date: 11/26/2012
size: 64KiB
capacity: 8128KiB
capabilities: pci apm upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1-Cache
size: 32KiB
capacity: 32KiB
capabilities: internal write-back unified
configuration: level=1
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: L2-Cache
size: 256KiB
capacity: 256KiB
capabilities: internal varies unified
configuration: level=2
*-cache:2
description: L3 cache
physical id: 7
slot: L3-Cache
size: 10MiB
capacity: 10MiB
capabilities: internal varies unified
configuration: level=3
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: 2d
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 16GiB
*-bank:0
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns)
product: DDR3 1600G
vendor: A-DATA
physical id: 0
serial: 0000762C
slot: ChannelA_Dimm1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:1
description: DIMM Synchronous [empty]
product: ChannelA_Dimm2_PartNum
vendor: ChannelA_Dimm2_Manufacturer
physical id: 1
serial: ChannelA_Dimm2_SerNum
slot: ChannelA_Dimm2
width: 64 bits
*-bank:2
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns)
product: DDR3 1600G
vendor: A-DATA
physical id: 2
serial: 000028C3
slot: ChannelB_Dimm1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:3
description: DIMM Synchronous [empty]
product: ChannelB_Dimm2_PartNum
vendor: ChannelB_Dimm2_Manufacturer
physical id: 3
serial: ChannelB_Dimm2_SerNum
slot: ChannelB_Dimm2
width: 64 bits
*-bank:4
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns)
product: DDR3 1600G
vendor: A-DATA
physical id: 4
serial: 000028E7
slot: ChannelC_Dimm1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:5
description: DIMM Synchronous [empty]
product: ChannelC_Dimm2_PartNum
vendor: ChannelC_Dimm2_Manufacturer
physical id: 5
serial: ChannelC_Dimm2_SerNum
slot: ChannelC_Dimm2
width: 64 bits
*-bank:6
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns)
product: DDR3 1600G
vendor: A-DATA
physical id: 6
serial: 000028F0
slot: ChannelD_Dimm1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:7
description: DIMM Synchronous [empty]
product: ChannelD_Dimm2_PartNum
vendor: ChannelD_Dimm2_Manufacturer
physical id: 7
serial: ChannelD_Dimm2_SerNum
slot: ChannelD_Dimm2
width: 64 bits
显示内存信息使用free命令
您可以使用
free命令获取有关您的内存的信息。示例用法：
free
输出：
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 16374920 4653296 155360 9349708 11566264 1953928
Swap: 16715772 4060816 12654956
添加
-h参数以获得更易读的输出。 total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15G 4,4G 249M 8,9G 11G 1,9G
Swap: 15G 3,9G 12G
如果您想要监视内存使用情况，请考虑按如下方式组合
watch 和 free。watch free
这将输出上面看到的正常
free输出，但每2秒更新一次（使用watch）。
使用/proc/meminfo显示内存信息
您还可以使用/proc/meminfo获取一些内存信息。
示例：
cat /proc/meminfo
输出：
MemTotal: 16374920 kB
MemFree: 211408 kB
MemAvailable: 2036568 kB
Buffers: 34856 kB
Cached: 11248956 kB
SwapCached: 1572 kB
Active: 5451788 kB
Inactive: 10119984 kB
Active(anon): 4508180 kB
Inactive(anon): 9133120 kB
Active(file): 943608 kB
Inactive(file): 986864 kB
Unevictable: 13444 kB
Mlocked: 13444 kB
SwapTotal: 16715772 kB
SwapFree: 12654936 kB
Dirty: 1016 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 4300076 kB
Mapped: 5466584 kB
Shmem: 9349796 kB
Slab: 309332 kB
SReclaimable: 230976 kB
SUnreclaim: 78356 kB
KernelStack: 17216 kB
PageTables: 77140 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 24903232 kB
Committed_AS: 28709200 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 0 kB
VmallocChunk: 0 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 1863680 kB
CmaTotal: 0 kB
CmaFree: 0 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 737312 kB
DirectMap2M: 14934016 kB
DirectMap1G: 1048576 kB
正如@Serg所指出的，你应该使用awk将输出缩小到最基本的部分。
示例：
awk '/MemTotal/ || /SwapTotal/' /proc/meminfo
输出：
MemTotal: 16374920 kB
SwapTotal: 16715772 kB
使用vmstat命令可以显示内存信息。
例如：
vmstat
输出：
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
3 0 4060888 238300 35576 11506488 0 2 120 55 17 4 18 6 74 2 0
可以按照以下方式更清晰地显示：
vmstat -s -SM
输出：
15991 M total memory
4467 M used memory
5322 M active memory
9837 M inactive memory
253 M free memory
34 M buffer memory
11235 M swap cache
16323 M total swap
3965 M used swap
12358 M free swap
17691507 non-nice user cpu ticks
21078371 nice user cpu ticks
13384959 system cpu ticks
161496078 idle cpu ticks
4951342 IO-wait cpu ticks
0 IRQ cpu ticks
40582 softirq cpu ticks
0 stolen cpu ticks
263184336 pages paged in
119297582 pages paged out
1824 pages swapped in
1018199 pages swapped out
1111772384 interrupts
2371898713 CPU context switches
1473060064 boot time
1983609 forks
监控内存使用情况
有几个工具可以帮助监控内存使用情况。我在这里列出一些。
top 和 htop 都是能够持续更新当前内存使用情况的工具。
使用smem
smem以共享内存按比例划分的方式报告使用情况。
示例（已排序）：
smem -r
输出：
7948 USERNAME /usr/lib/firefox/firefox 0 975580 997022 1027100
23748 USERNAME /usr/bin/perl /usr/bin/shut 0 456392 459957 472116
16341 USERNAME /opt/google/chrome/chrome - 0 401220 405063 419520
22977 USERNAME /home/fpoeck/.dropbox-dist/ 0 240332 240487 245712
23751 USERNAME /usr/bin/python /usr/share/ 0 204524 205538 214656
32449 USERNAME /usr/lib/thunderbird/thunde 0 191124 191657 200892
13531 USERNAME /opt/atom/atom --type=rende 0 124740 131853 144340
- dufte
一个好的检查方法是参考/proc/meminfo文件。大多数工具如free、top、htop都使用该文件。
文件中有很多行显示不同的统计数据，但使用AWK，我们可以过滤出总计。MemTotal行将显示RAM。作为奖励，我还包括了总交换空间。
$ awk '/MemTotal/ || /SwapTotal/' /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 1789444 kB
SwapTotal: 524284 k
- Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
打开终端：按下Ctrl + Alt + T
然后输入：
sudo lshw
- david6
我喜欢
sudo dmidecode -t 17的输出结果。下面是它对我的机器的描述：# dmidecode 2.12
# SMBIOS entry point at 0x000f0480
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0009, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0007
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: A1_DIMM0
Bank Locator: A1_BANK0
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1333 MHz
Manufacturer: Undefined
Serial Number: 000001D2
Asset Tag: A1_AssetTagNum0
Part Number: SLA302G08-EDJ1C
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
Handle 0x000D, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0007
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: A1_DIMM2
Bank Locator: A1_BANK2
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1333 MHz
Manufacturer: Undefined
Serial Number: 0000017F
Asset Tag: A1_AssetTagNum2
Part Number: SLA302G08-EDJ1C
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 2 MHz
我喜欢它提供了每个插槽中有多少RAM的简单人类可读描述 - 在上面的例子中是2 x Size: 4096 MB（所以我有8GB RAM总量）。而且它按插槽进行了细分，因此您对升级选项有更多了解。
dmidecode（man page）告诉您关于系统硬件的信息。使用-t 17参数可以过滤“内存设备”类型。
- Sam
打开系统设置。
点击面板底部的详细信息。
您将看到有关您的计算机的详细信息（例如RAM）。
- sai krishna
请尝试一下：
free -h
输出将会是这样的：
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 62G 49G 387M 723M 13G 12G
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
- Rehmat
1
或者使用
free -h -t 命令查看总计。 - igorkf