在androVM中使用primusrun进行Android 3D加速？

Question

我一直在尝试在一台装有Intel/Nvidia混合显卡的Ubuntu 12.04 32位笔记本电脑上作为客户操作系统运行一个名为androVM的Android虚拟机（有关显卡详细信息请参见下文）。我测试了一些图形密集型应用程序，如愤怒的小鸟和AnTuTu基准测试应用程序，使用virtualbox和AndroVMplayer以及primusrun运行，但它们似乎非常慢，与不使用primusrun时没有任何区别。我还尝试了optirun，但它只是崩溃并出现段错误。我该如何在我的混合显卡系统中为这个虚拟机启用OpenGL加速？

我正在运行的AndroVM版本是：

androVM_vbox86tp_4.1.1_r6.1-20130222-gapps-houdini-flash.ova

我正在按照这里解释的安装说明进行操作：
AndroVM 20130222 release | AndroVM博客 在Virtualbox中，我将图形选项设置为128MB视频内存，并启用了3D加速和2D加速。我的主机BIOS已激活其虚拟化选项。以下是我的硬件详细信息：

sudo primusrun lshw -class display

*-display               
   description: VGA compatible controller
   product: GT218 [GeForce 310M]
   vendor: NVIDIA Corporation
   physical id: 0
   bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
   version: a2
   width: 64 bits
   clock: 33MHz
   capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
   configuration: driver=nvidia latency=0
   resources: irq:16 memory:d2000000-d2ffffff memory:c0000000-cfffffff memory:d0000000-d1ffffff ioport:d000(size=128) memory:d3000000-d307ffff
*-display
   description: VGA compatible controller
   product: Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller
   vendor: Intel Corporation
   physical id: 2
   bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
   version: 18
   width: 64 bits
   clock: 33MHz
   capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
   configuration: driver=i915 latency=0
   resources: irq:52 memory:d3400000-d37fffff memory:b0000000-bfffffff ioport:e080(size=8)

当使用optirun ./AndroVMplayer时，我得到了这个：

[VGL] WARNING: The OpenGL rendering context obtained on X display
[VGL]    :8 is indirect, which may cause performance to suffer.
[VGL]    If :8 is a local X display, then the framebuffer device
[VGL]    permissions may be set incorrectly.
Got command 1002
Got command 1002
Got command 1
Got command 1002
Segmentation fault (core dumped)

以下是我的VirtualBox安装的详细信息：

 dpkg -l virtualbox* | grep ii    

ii  virtualbox                                4.1.12-dfsg-2ubuntu0.2                               x86 virtualization solution - base binaries
ii  virtualbox-dkms                           4.1.12-dfsg-2ubuntu0.2                               x86 virtualization solution - kernel module sources for dkms
ii  virtualbox-guest-additions                4.1.12-1                                             transitional package for virtualbox-guest-additions-iso
ii  virtualbox-guest-additions-iso            4.1.12-1                                             guest additions iso image for VirtualBox
ii  virtualbox-guest-dkms                     4.1.12-dfsg-2ubuntu0.2                               x86 virtualization solution - guest addition module source for dkms
ii  virtualbox-guest-utils                    4.1.12-dfsg-2ubuntu0.2                               x86 virtualization solution - non-X11 guest utilities
ii  virtualbox-guest-x11                      4.1.12-dfsg-2ubuntu0.2                               x86 virtualization solution - X11 guest utilities
ii  virtualbox-qt                             4.1.12-dfsg-2ubuntu0.2                               x86 virtualization solution - Qt based user interface

如果我用optirun运行它，我会得到以下错误：

> [VGL] WARNING: The OpenGL rendering context obtained on X display
> [VGL]    :8 is indirect, which may cause performance to suffer. [VGL] 
> If :8 is a local X display, then the framebuffer device [VGL]   
> permissions may be set incorrectly.
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glCompileShader:351
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetShaderiv:1215
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetShaderInfoLog:1238
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetUniformLocation:1382
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glCompileShader:351
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetShaderiv:1215
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetShaderInfoLog:1238
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetUniformLocation:1382
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetUniformLocation:1382
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glCompileShader:351
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetShaderiv:1215
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetShaderInfoLog:1238
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetUniformLocation:1382
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetUniformLocation:1382
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glCompileShader:351
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetShaderiv:1215
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetShaderInfoLog:1238
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetUniformLocation:1382
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetUniformLocation:1382
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetUniformLocation:1382
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glCompileShader:351
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetShaderiv:1215
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetShaderInfoLog:1238
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetUniformLocation:1382
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glGetUniformLocation:1382
> error 0x501
> sdk/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLES_V2/GLESv2Imp.cpp:glUseProgram:1913
> error 0x501 AndroVMplayer: ../../src/xcb_conn.c:180: write_vec:
> Assertion `!c->out.queue_len' failed. Aborted (core dumped)

- 719016

---

我根据运行sudo primusrun lshw -class display的输出进行了更正，两张显卡都显示出来了。此外，当我运行primusrun firefox时，在这个网站http://webglsamples.googlecode.com/hg/aquarium/aquarium.html上我得到了大约40-50帧每秒的帧率。如果没有使用`primusrun`，我只能得到大约5帧每秒的帧率。 - 719016

嗯，也许不是必需的。你在AndroVM中是否已经定义了硬件启用OpenGL设置，就像http://androvm.org/blog/androvm-documentation/上所述？ - fossfreedom

是的，当我在全新的虚拟机上第一次运行./AndroVMplayer时，我会点击“启用硬件加速”。 - 719016

...并且您已经按照链接中的硬件OpenGL部分设置了您的网络，并通过运行run.sh脚本或使用primusrun的变体来运行？ - fossfreedom

从20130208版本开始，AndroVMplayer工具现在可以进行配置了。我使用命令primusrun ./AndroVMplayer来调用它。 - 719016

你是在无界面运行虚拟机吗（即没有显示窗口）？ - Jonathon

请查看Intel硬件加速 http://askubuntu.com/questions/285434/is-there-a-power-saving-application-similar-to-jupiter/285681#285681 向下滚动... - Qasim

我觉得应该禁用2D加速，只保留3D。 - Cubiq

仍然遇到这个问题吗？ - Braiam

Answer 1

你可以试试GenyMotion。只需一点击即可安装并以x86模式运行。

它是一个非常快速的Android模拟器。

- z8r0

Answer 2

openGL在运行Android环境时使用特定的规则。我无法完全回答你的问题，但我可以向你推荐一个Android开发工具包。developer.android.com/sdk/‎ 一旦设置完成，它将自动配置您的设置以实现渲染的最佳使用，并提供一个3D Android环境。

- Dragonosh