sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa
echo '
Package: *
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
Pin-Priority: 1001
Package: firefox
Pin: version 1:1snap1-0ubuntu2
Pin-Priority: -1
' | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/mozilla-firefox
sudo snap remove firefox
sudo apt install firefox
echo 'Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins:: "LP-PPA-mozillateam:${distro_codename}";' | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/51unattended-upgrades-firefox
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:mozillateam/ppa
sudo rm -rf /etc/apt/preferences.d/mozilla-firefox
sudo apt remove firefox && sudo snap install firefox
curl localhost:3000/可以正常工作，而浏览器却因Snap的问题给我显示一些胡言乱语的错误信息。 - ulidtko~/snap/firefox/common/.mozilla/firefox/...（尽管旧的配置文件可能在 ~/.mozilla/firefox/... 中）
b) 当你移除 snap 时，该目录 (~/snap/firefox/common/) 将被删除！因此，在进行此操作之前，最好备份/迁移你的 Firefox 配置文件。如果你遇到问题，可以参考以下链接获取帮助：https://askubuntu.com/questions/1245136/where-does-snap-store-user-data-for-apps-that-have-been-removed 和 https://snapcraft.io/docs/snapshots，它们可能会帮助你恢复你的配置文件。 - PeterJCLawsudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa
sudo apt install firefox-esr
更多信息可以在这里找到：https://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2022/03/install-firefox-esr-ubuntu/
sudo snap remove firefox
~/snap/firefox/下，您可能希望将其迁移到~/.mozilla/firefox/下。）sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa
firefox软件包。在Ubuntu仓库中提供的版本是一个过渡性软件包，实际上在后台安装了Snap版本的Firefox，而在这种情况下，我们不需要这样做。通过运行以下命令来检查是否可以看到两个firefox软件包：apt info -a firefox
firefox软件包安装Snap版本的Firefox，我们需要以root身份修改此文件，使用gnome-text-editor或您喜欢的任何文本编辑器。sudo gnome-text-editor /etc/apt/preferences.d/mozillafirefoxppa
Package: firefox*
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
Pin-Priority: 501
Package: firefox*
Pin: release o=Ubuntu
Pin-Priority: -1
firefox软件包。而最后三行代码禁止从Ubuntu的软件源安装firefox软件包。sudo apt update以确保更改已生效。--dry-run模拟安装Firefox，如下所示，以检查将安装哪个版本的Firefox：sudo apt install --verbose-versions --dry-run firefox
firefox软件包的版本号中没有看到单词snap（例如：1:1snap1-0ubuntu2），那么您可以放心使用。运行以下命令来安装不带Snap的Firefox：sudo apt install --verbose-versions firefox
使用Snap。Snap来自Mozilla上游，旨在跨发行版和跨平台使用。你不应该认为它是“仅限于Ubuntu”的。Firefox Snap将包含在Ubuntu桌面的默认安装中。
从Mozilla上游下载二进制文件。这需要了解如何在没有软件包管理器的情况下进行安装和卸载。这与Snap中使用的二进制文件相同。
如果你仍然想使用Ubuntu存储库中的deb软件包，请加入Debian并帮助那些为Firefox工作的志愿打包者。将其作为deb软件包进行打包是一项复杂的任务（这也是为什么Mozilla对继续努力持消极态度），但只要有足够的志愿者参与，社区就能够做出伟大的事情。
Ubuntu的Mozillateam PPA目前提供Firefox-beta和Firefox-ESR的deb软件包。这些通常是高质量的软件包，并且还依赖足够的志愿者参与来保持质量。
Flatpak和其他附加软件包管理器。
sudo snap remove firefox
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa
echo 'Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins:: "LP-PPA-mozillateam:${distro_codename}";' | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/51unattended-upgrades-firefox
echo '
Package: firefox
Pin: version 1:1snap1-0ubuntu2
Pin-Priority: 99
Package: *
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
Pin-Priority: 99
Package: firefox*
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
Pin-Priority: 1001
' | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/mozilla-firefox
sudo apt install firefox
firefox，我们需要将版本为1:1snap1-0ubuntu2的虚拟快捷方式包blacklist。sudo apt remove firefox
echo "
Package: firefox
Pin: version 1:1snap1-0ubuntu2
Pin-Priority: 99
" | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/firefox-next
sudo apt install firefox
add-apt-repository步骤，仍然遵守新的软件包签名要求 - 它适用于ppa（主要发布）和firefox-next（测试版）存储库。sudo gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --no-default-keyring --keyring /usr/share/keyrings/firefox.gpg --recv-keys 9BDB3D89CE49EC21
echo 'deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/firefox.gpg] https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/mozillateam/ppa/ubuntu jammy main
' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/firefox.list
add-apt-repository目前返回aptsources.distro.NoDistroTemplateException: Error: could not find a distribution template for Neon/jammy。我的答案与他人的类似，但我在使用hunspell时遇到了问题。如果不卸载它，我将无法继续。正如markling和Archisman Panigrahi所说，你必须在开始之前以某种方式备份你的Firefox配置文件，或者使用Firefox Sync将其全部保存到云端，否则你将会失去你的书签、密码等。在完成备份后，我做了以下操作：
sudo snap disable firefox
sudo umount /var/snap/firefox/common/host-hunspell
sudo snap remove --purge firefox
sudo apt purge firefox
sudo apt autoremove
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa
echo '
Package: firefox*
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
Pin-Priority: 501
Package: firefox*
Pin: release o=Ubuntu
Pin-Priority: -1
' | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/99mozillateamppa
echo 'Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins:: "LP-PPA-mozillateam:${distro_codename}";' | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/51unattended-upgrades-firefox
sudo apt update
sudo apt install firefox
sudo apt install firefox-esr
#!/bin/bash
# This script verifies Firefox is installed in the right way. Firefox is used
# to set the GitHub SSH keys and GitHub personal access tokens automatically.
# And to control a Firefox browser, it needs to be installed using apt instead
# of snap. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72405117
# https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2022/04/how-to-install-firefox-deb-apt-ubuntu-22-04
# https://askubuntu.com/questions/1399383/
# Run with:
# bash -c "src/prerequisites/firefox_version.sh"
command_output_contains(){
local substring="$1"
shift
local command_output="$@"
if grep -q "$substring" <<< "$command_output"; then
echo "FOUND"
else
echo "NOTFOUND"
fi
}
#######################################
# Checks if firefox is installed using snap or not.
# Locals:
# respones_lines
# found_firefox
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If command was evaluated successfully.
# Outputs:
# FOUND if firefox is installed using snap.
# NOTFOUND if firefox is not installed using snap.
#######################################
firefox_via_snap(){
local respons_lines="$(snap list)"
local found_firefox=$(command_output_contains "firefox" "${respons_lines}")
echo $found_firefox
}
#######################################
# Checks if firefox is installed using ppa and apt or not.
# Locals:
# respones_lines
# found_firefox
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If command was evaluated successfully.
# Outputs:
# FOUND if firefox is installed using ppa and apt.
# NOTFOUND if firefox is not installed using ppa and apt.
#######################################
firefox_via_apt(){
local respons_lines="$(apt list --installed)"
local found_firefox=$(command_output_contains "firefox" "${respons_lines}")
echo $found_firefox
}
#######################################
# Checks if firefox is added as ppa or not.
# Locals:
# respones_lines
# ppa_indicator
# found_firefox_ppa
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If command was evaluated successfully.
# Outputs:
# FOUND if firefox is added as ppa.
# NOTFOUND if firefox is not added as ppa.
#######################################
firefox_ppa_is_added(){
# Get list of ppa packages added for apt usage.
local respons_lines="$(apt policy)"
# Specify identifier for firefox ppa presence.
local ppa_indicator="https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/mozillateam/ppa/ubuntu"
local found_firefox_ppa=$(command_output_contains "$ppa_indicator" "${respons_lines}")
echo $found_firefox_ppa
}
#######################################
# Remove Firefox if it is installed using snap.
# Locals:
# respones_lines
# found_firefox
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If command was evaluated successfully.
# Outputs:
# FOUND if firefox is installed using snap.
# NOTFOUND if firefox is not installed using snap.
#######################################
remove_snap_install_firefox_if_existant(){
if [ "$(firefox_via_snap)" == "FOUND" ]; then
# Prompt user for permission.
ask_user_swapping_firefox_install_is_ok
# User permission is granted here, remove firefox snap installation.
yes | sudo snap remove firefox 2>&1
assert_firefox_is_not_installed_using_snap
echo "Firefox is removed." > /dev/tty
fi
assert_firefox_is_not_installed_using_snap
}
#######################################
# Ask user for permission to swap out Firefox installation.
# Locals:
# yn
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If command was evaluated successfully.
# 3 If the user terminates the program.
# Outputs:
# Mesage indicating Firefox will be uninstalled.
#######################################
ask_user_swapping_firefox_install_is_ok(){
echo "" > /dev/tty
echo "Hi, firefox is installed using snap. To automatically add your " > /dev/tty
echo "access tokens to GitHub, we need to control the firefox browser." > /dev/tty
echo "To control the firefox browser, we need to switch the installation" > /dev/tty
echo "method from snap to apt." > /dev/tty
echo "" > /dev/tty
echo "We will not preserve your bookmarks, history and extensions." > /dev/tty
echo "" > /dev/tty
while true; do
read -p "May we proceed? (y/n)? " yn
case $yn in
[Yy]* ) echo "Removing Firefox, please wait 5 minutes, we will tell you when it is done."; break;;
[Nn]* ) echo "Installation terminated by user."; exit 3;;
* ) echo "Please answer yes or no." > /dev/tty;;
esac
done
}
#######################################
# Asserts Firefox is not installed using snap, throws an error otherwise.
# Locals:
# None
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If Firefox is not installed using snap.
# 1 If Firefox is still isntalled using snap.
# Outputs:
# Nothing
#######################################
# Run with:
assert_firefox_is_not_installed_using_snap(){
if [ "$(firefox_via_snap)" == "FOUND" ]; then
echo "Error, Firefox installation was still installed using snap." > /dev/tty
exit 2
fi
}
assert_firefox_is_installed_using_ppa(){
if [ "$(firefox_via_apt)" != "FOUND" ]; then
echo "Error, Firefox installation was not performed using ppa and apt." > /dev/tty
exit 2
fi
}
#######################################
# Asserts Firefox ppa is added to apt.
# Locals:
# None
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If Firefox ppa is added to apt.
# 4 Otherwise.
# Outputs:
# Error message indicating firefox ppa is not added correctly.
#######################################
# Run with:
assert_firefox_ppa_is_added_to_apt(){
if [ "$(firefox_ppa_is_added)" == "NOTFOUND" ]; then
echo "Error, Firefox ppa was not added to apt." > /dev/tty
exit 4
fi
}
assert_firefox_ppa_is_removed_from_apt(){
if [ "$(firefox_ppa_is_added)" == "FOUND" ]; then
echo "Error, Firefox ppa was not removed from apt." > /dev/tty
exit 4
fi
}
#######################################
# Adds firefox ppa to install using apt if it is not added yet.
# Locals:
# None
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If Firefox is not installed using snap.
# 1 If Firefox is still isntalled using snap.
# Outputs:
# Nothing
#######################################
add_firefox_ppa_if_not_in_yet(){
if [ "$(firefox_ppa_is_added)" == "NOTFOUND" ]; then
echo "Now adding Firefox ppa to apt." > /dev/tty
echo "" > /dev/tty
yes | sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa
fi
assert_firefox_ppa_is_added_to_apt
}
remove_firefox_ppa(){
if [ "$(firefox_ppa_is_added)" == "FOUND" ]; then
echo "Now removing Firefox ppa to apt." > /dev/tty
echo "" > /dev/tty
yes | sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:mozillateam/ppa
fi
assert_firefox_ppa_is_removed_from_apt
}
#######################################
# Asserts the Firefox installation package preference is set to ppa/apt. Does
# this by verifying the file content is as expected using hardcoded MD5Sum.
# Locals:
# None
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If Firefox is not installed using snap.
# 1 If Firefox is still isntalled using snap.
# Outputs:
# Nothing
#######################################
assert_firefox_installation_package_preference_file_content(){
local preferences_path="$1"
local md5_output=$(md5sum $preferences_path)
local expected_md5_output="961023613b10ce4ae8150f78d698a53e $preferences_path"
if [ "$md5_output" != "$expected_md5_output" ]; then
echo "Error, the md5 output of: $preferences_path is not as expected." > /dev/tty
echo "md5_output= $md5_output" > /dev/tty
echo "expected_md5_output=$expected_md5_output" > /dev/tty
exit 5
fi
}
assert_firefox_auto_update_file_content(){
local preferences_path="$1"
local md5_output=$(md5sum $preferences_path)
local expected_md5_output="ffd6e239ef98a236741f4ba5c84ab20e $preferences_path"
if [ "$md5_output" != "$expected_md5_output" ]; then
echo "Error, the md5 output of: $preferences_path is not as expected." > /dev/tty
echo "md5_output= $md5_output" > /dev/tty
echo "expected_md5_output=$expected_md5_output" > /dev/tty
exit 5
fi
}
#######################################
# Sets the Firefox installation package preference from snap to ppa/apt.
# Locals:
# preferences_path
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If Firefox is not installed using snap.
# 1 If Firefox is still isntalled using snap.
# Outputs:
# Nothing
#######################################
# Run with:
change_firefox_package_priority(){
local preferences_path="/etc/apt/preferences.d/mozilla-firefox"
# Set the installation package preference in firefox.
echo 'Package: *
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
Pin-Priority: 1001' | sudo tee "$preferences_path"
# Verify the installation package preference is set correctly in firefox.
assert_firefox_installation_package_preference_file_content "$preferences_path"
}
#######################################
# Ensures the firefox installation is updated automatically.
# Locals:
# update_filepath
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If Firefox is not installed using snap.
# 1 If Firefox is still isntalled using snap.
# Outputs:
# Nothing
#######################################
ensure_firefox_is_updated_automatically(){
local update_filepath="/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/51unattended-upgrades-firefox"
# Set the installation package preference in firefox.
echo 'Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins:: "LP-PPA-mozillateam:${distro_codename}";' | sudo tee "$update_filepath"
# Verify the installation package preference is set correctly in firefox.
assert_firefox_auto_update_file_content "$update_filepath"
}
#######################################
# Installs firefox using ppa and apt.
# Locals:
# None
# Globals:
# None
# Arguments:
# None
# Returns:
# 0 If Firefox is installed using ppa and apt.
# 1 If Firefox is mpt installed using ppa and apt.
# Outputs:
# Nothing
#######################################
install_firefox_using_ppa(){
if [ "$(firefox_via_apt)" == "NOTFOUND" ]; then
yes | sudo apt install firefox 2>&1
fi
assert_firefox_is_installed_using_ppa
echo "Firefox is installed succesfully using ppa and apt." > /dev/tty
}
# Swap Firefox installation from snap to ppa/apt using functions above.
# 0. Detect how firefox is installed.
# 1. If firefox installed with snap:
# 1.a Ask user for permission to swap out Firefox installation.
# 1.b. Verify and mention the bookmarks, addons and history are not removed.
# 1.c Remove snap firefox if it exists.
# 1.d Verify snap firefox is removed.
remove_snap_install_firefox_if_existant
# 2.a Add firefox ppa to apt if not yet in.
# 2.b Verify firefox ppa is added (successfully).
add_firefox_ppa_if_not_in_yet
#remove_firefox_ppa
# 3.a Change Firefox package priority to ensure it is installed from PPA/deb/apt
# instead of snap.
# 3.b Verify Firefox installation priority was set correctly.
change_firefox_package_priority
# 4.a Ensure the Firefox installation is automatically updated.
# 4.b Verify the auto update command is completed succesfully.
ensure_firefox_is_updated_automatically
# 5.a Install Firefox using apt.
# 5.v Verify firefox is installed succesfully, and only once, using apt/PPA.
install_firefox_using_ppa
# make folder for PGP repo key
sudo install -d -m 0755 /etc/apt/keyrings
# download repo key and store to /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo wget -q https://packages.mozilla.org/apt/repo-signing-key.gpg -O /etc/apt/keyrings/packages.mozilla.org.asc
# add the APT repository to sources list
echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/packages.mozilla.org.asc] https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mozilla.list > /dev/null
# Update package list
sudo apt-get update
# Install the Firefox Nightly .deb package
sudo apt-get install firefox-nightly
firefox-nightly。它的蓝色图标将与FF一起显示。
它将比snap版本更频繁地更新，这可能会让人感到烦恼。