使用安装脚本安装了HP Linux Imaging and Printing,但出现了一些问题。现在我只是我的自己的组和lp
的成员。
例如Ubuntu 12.10中用户的默认组是哪些?与此相同?
出于好奇,是否有地方记录这些信息?例如,是否有日志文件显示我的用户在上次启动时所属的组?这些默认组的信息是否有文档记录?
使用安装脚本安装了HP Linux Imaging and Printing,但出现了一些问题。现在我只是我的自己的组和lp
的成员。
例如Ubuntu 12.10中用户的默认组是哪些?与此相同?
出于好奇,是否有地方记录这些信息?例如,是否有日志文件显示我的用户在上次启动时所属的组?这些默认组的信息是否有文档记录?
默认组; 例如用户123,在新安装的系统上 - (在终端中使用命令groups
):
user123 adm cdrom sudo dip plugdev lpadmin sambashare
admin
被 sudo
替代
- 移除了 dialout
- 添加了 dip
要获取/查看默认设置。可能对其他版本也适用;执行以下操作:sudo grep user-setup /var/log/installer/syslog
(添加此内容以使其更完整)
我总是设置根密码,但如果您没有使用Live CD、Live USB、其他安装等方式来获取文件,则需要进行设置。
如果您已经设置了根密码(例如):
sudo passwd root
su - root
grep user-setup /var/log/installer/syslog
... user-setup: pwconv: failed to change the mode of /etc/passwd- to 0600
... user-setup: Shadow passwords are now on.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' ...
... user-setup: Adding new group `user123' (1000) ...
... user-setup: Adding new user `user123' (1000) with group `user123' ...
... user-setup: Creating home directory `/home/user123' ...
... user-setup: Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
... user-setup: addgroup: The group `lpadmin' already exists as a system group. Exiting.
... user-setup: Adding group `sambashare' (GID 124) ...
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `adm' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group adm
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `cdrom' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group cdrom
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `dip' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group dip
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `lpadmin' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group lpadmin
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `plugdev' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group plugdev
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `sambashare' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group sambashare
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: adduser: The group `debian-tor' does not exist.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `sudo' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group sudo
... user-setup: Done.
... ubiquity: Removing user-setup ...
... ubiquity: Purging configuration files for user-setup ...
或者:
su - root
grep "user-setup: Adding user user123 to group" /var/log/installer/syslog | cut -d' ' -f11
adm
cdrom
dip
lpadmin
plugdev
sambashare
sudo
usermod -a -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev user123
在哪里(12.10有点过时):
adm Monitor system logs
cdrom Use CD-ROM drives
lpadmin Configure printers
sudo administer the system, ...
sambashare Share files with the local network
dip Connect to the Internet using a modem
plugdev Access external storage devices
root@YOURPC:~# id -nG user123
检查你拥有什么)dialout ttyS*/Serial/COM1,COM2 ...
vboxusers Virtual Box
user123 Your own group
root@YOURPC:~# grep user123 /etc/group
adm:x:4:user123
audio:x:29:user123,timidity,pulse
video:x:44:user123
lp:x:7:user123
dialout:x:20:user123
cdrom:x:24:user123
sudo:x:27:user123
dip:x:30:user123
plugdev:x:46:user123
lpadmin:x:107:user123
user123:x:1000:
sambashare:x:124:user123
vboxusers:x:127:user123
autologin:x:1001:user123
mount -o remount,rw /
usermod -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev user123
xxx
是在运行实时版本时挂载文件系统的位置,例如/media/foo
。/xxx/etc/group
,并像前面的列表中一样添加用户。sudo:x:27:user123
sudo
的usermod
命令进行更新。sudo usermod -a -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev user123
admin
不再作为选项之一,而是改为sudo
。
sudo cat /var/log/installer/syslog | grep user-setup
之前,我进行了一些黑客攻击 :) - Runiumusermod -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev
(第2.a节)存在错误:usermod
需要指定用户。命令应该是:usermod -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev user123
(我已经通过编辑修复了这个问题,但出于某种原因我的更改被拒绝了。) - dess